Thermal Control Strategies for Reliable and Energy-Efficient Data CentersSource: Journal of Electronic Packaging:;2019:;volume( 141 ):;issue: 004::page 41004DOI: 10.1115/1.4044129Publisher: American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
Abstract: Two self-developed control schemes, ON/OFF and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), were applied on a hybrid evaporative and direct expansion (DX)-based model data center cooling system to assess the impact of controls on reliability and energy efficiency. These control schemes can be applied independently or collectively, thereby saving the energy spent on mechanical refrigeration by using airside economization and/or evaporative cooling. Various combinations of system-level controls and component-level controls are compared to a baseline no-controls case. The results show that reliability is consistently met by employing only sophisticated component-level controls. However, the recommended conditions are met approximately 50% of the simulated time by employing system-level controls only (i.e., SCADA) but with a reduction in data center cooling system power usage effectiveness (PUE) values from 3.76 to 1.42. Moreover, the recommended conditions are met at all averaged times with an even lower cooling system PUE of 1.13 by combining system-level controls only (SCADA and ON/OFF controls). Thus, the study introduces a simple method to compare control schemes for reliable and energy-efficient data center operation. The work also highlights a potential source of capital expenses and operating expenses savings for data center owners by switching from expensive built-in component-based controls to inexpensive, yet effective, system-based controls that can easily be imbedded into existing data center infrastructure systems management.
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contributor author | Khalid, Rehan | |
contributor author | Wemhoff, Aaron P. | |
date accessioned | 2019-09-18T09:03:20Z | |
date available | 2019-09-18T09:03:20Z | |
date copyright | 7/12/2019 12:00:00 AM | |
date issued | 2019 | |
identifier issn | 1043-7398 | |
identifier other | ep_141_04_041004 | |
identifier uri | http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4258329 | |
description abstract | Two self-developed control schemes, ON/OFF and supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), were applied on a hybrid evaporative and direct expansion (DX)-based model data center cooling system to assess the impact of controls on reliability and energy efficiency. These control schemes can be applied independently or collectively, thereby saving the energy spent on mechanical refrigeration by using airside economization and/or evaporative cooling. Various combinations of system-level controls and component-level controls are compared to a baseline no-controls case. The results show that reliability is consistently met by employing only sophisticated component-level controls. However, the recommended conditions are met approximately 50% of the simulated time by employing system-level controls only (i.e., SCADA) but with a reduction in data center cooling system power usage effectiveness (PUE) values from 3.76 to 1.42. Moreover, the recommended conditions are met at all averaged times with an even lower cooling system PUE of 1.13 by combining system-level controls only (SCADA and ON/OFF controls). Thus, the study introduces a simple method to compare control schemes for reliable and energy-efficient data center operation. The work also highlights a potential source of capital expenses and operating expenses savings for data center owners by switching from expensive built-in component-based controls to inexpensive, yet effective, system-based controls that can easily be imbedded into existing data center infrastructure systems management. | |
publisher | American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) | |
title | Thermal Control Strategies for Reliable and Energy-Efficient Data Centers | |
type | Journal Paper | |
journal volume | 141 | |
journal issue | 4 | |
journal title | Journal of Electronic Packaging | |
identifier doi | 10.1115/1.4044129 | |
journal fristpage | 41004 | |
journal lastpage | 041004-12 | |
tree | Journal of Electronic Packaging:;2019:;volume( 141 ):;issue: 004 | |
contenttype | Fulltext |