Continuous Damage Mechanics Revisited: Basic Concepts and Definitions

Abstract

The paper proposes a geometrically consistent representation for the set of internal variables defining an arbitrary distribution of flat, planar microcracks. A special averaging procedure in conjunction with a characteristic length leads to an experimentally identifiable measure or damage. The model makes an essential distinction between the active and passive microcrack systems. The progressive deterioration of the material is modeled by a combination of nucleation (activation of new systems) and continued growth or cracks in already active systems.