Special ICE Issue

Abstract

Almost one and a half centuries since it became a practical reality, the Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) remains today the vastly dominant fuel energy converter in our society. The reasons for the ICE dominance in on and off-road vehicles, railroad, marine, home use, stationary power generation and some aircraft applications are its low specific cost, high power density, robustness, versatility, and fuel flexibility. Indeed, the internal combustion engine has met all performance, fuel economy and emissions requirements to date, and is well matched to available fuels.