Abstract: The presence of blockages in water supply systems wastes energy, decreases system performance, and may pose safety concerns. Previous research showing that blockages induce a shift in the resonant frequencies (eigenfrequencies) ...

Abstract: Quasi-two-dimensional models for turbulent flows in water hammer are necessary for advancing the understanding of flow behavior in pipe transient; conducting detailed investigation of the fate of transient-induced ...

Abstract: An accurate, simple, and efficient approximation to the Vardy–Brown unsteady friction equation is derived and shown to be easily implemented within a one-dimensional characteristics solution for unsteady pipe flow. For ...

Abstract: First- and second-order explicit finite volume (FV) Godunov-type schemes for water hammer problems are formulated, applied, and analyzed. The FV formulation ensures that both schemes conserve mass and momentum and produce ...

Abstract: This paper investigates the importance of unsteady friction effects when performing water hammer analyses for pipe systems with external fluxes due to demands, leaks, and other system elements. The transient energy equation ...

Abstract: Recent research shows the potential of resonant frequency-based leakage detection methods. However, there is a disagreement in whether a leak shifts the normal modes (often called natural or resonant modes) and whether a ...

Abstract: Various numerical techniques, such as wave‐speed adjustment or interpolation, are generally required in order to apply the fixed‐grid method of characteristics to multipipe systems or to systems with variable wave speed. ...