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    Bender Elements: Performance and Signal Interpretation

    Source: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering:;2005:;Volume ( 131 ):;issue: 009
    Author:
    Jong-Sub Lee
    ,
    J. Carlos Santamarina
    DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:9(1063)
    Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
    Abstract: Bender elements are convenient shear wave transducers for instrumenting soil cells due to optimal soil–transducer coupling and compatible operating frequency. Experimental and analytical methods are implemented in this study to explore various aspects of bender element installations including: electromagnetic coupling prevention, directivity, resonant frequency, detection of first arrival, and near field effects. It is shown that electromagnetic coupling effects are critical in soils with high electrical conductivity and can be minimized by shielding and grounding, or by using parallel-type bender elements. Bender elements generate both P- and S-waves. The in-plane S-wave directivity is quasicircular. The resonant frequency of bender element installations depends on the geometry of the bender element, the anchor efficiency, and the soil stiffness. The cross correlation of subsequent reflections is a self-healing measurement procedure which resolves uncertainties in both travel time and travel distance. Near field effects can be effectively taken into consideration by matching the measured signal with the analytical solution, directly rendering shear wave velocity.
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      Bender Elements: Performance and Signal Interpretation

    URI
    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/52753
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    • Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering

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    contributor authorJong-Sub Lee
    contributor authorJ. Carlos Santamarina
    date accessioned2017-05-08T21:28:19Z
    date available2017-05-08T21:28:19Z
    date copyrightSeptember 2005
    date issued2005
    identifier other%28asce%291090-0241%282005%29131%3A9%281063%29.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl/handle/yetl/52753
    description abstractBender elements are convenient shear wave transducers for instrumenting soil cells due to optimal soil–transducer coupling and compatible operating frequency. Experimental and analytical methods are implemented in this study to explore various aspects of bender element installations including: electromagnetic coupling prevention, directivity, resonant frequency, detection of first arrival, and near field effects. It is shown that electromagnetic coupling effects are critical in soils with high electrical conductivity and can be minimized by shielding and grounding, or by using parallel-type bender elements. Bender elements generate both P- and S-waves. The in-plane S-wave directivity is quasicircular. The resonant frequency of bender element installations depends on the geometry of the bender element, the anchor efficiency, and the soil stiffness. The cross correlation of subsequent reflections is a self-healing measurement procedure which resolves uncertainties in both travel time and travel distance. Near field effects can be effectively taken into consideration by matching the measured signal with the analytical solution, directly rendering shear wave velocity.
    publisherAmerican Society of Civil Engineers
    titleBender Elements: Performance and Signal Interpretation
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume131
    journal issue9
    journal titleJournal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering
    identifier doi10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)131:9(1063)
    treeJournal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering:;2005:;Volume ( 131 ):;issue: 009
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
    yabeshDSpacePersian