Behavior of Plate Load Tests on Soil Layers Improved with Cement and Fiber

Abstract

The load-settlement response from three plate load tests (300 mm diameter, 25.4 mm thick) carried out directly on a homogeneous residual soil stratum, as well as on a layered system formed by two different top layers (300 mm thick)—sand-cement and sand-cement fiber—overlaying the residual soil stratum, is discussed in this technical note. The utilization of a cemented top layer increased bearing capacity, reduced displacement at failure, and changed soil behavior to a noticeable brittle behavior. After maximum load, the bearing capacity dropped towards approximately the same value found for the plate test carried out directly on the residual soil. The addition of fiber to the cemented top layer maintained roughly the same bearing capacity but changed the postfailure behavior to a ductile behavior. A punching failure mechanism was observed in the field for the load test bearing on the sand-cement top layer, with tension cracks being formed from the bottom to the top of the layer. A completely distinct mechanism was observed in the case of the sand-cement-fiber top layer, the failure occurring through the formation of a thick shear band around the border of the plate, which allowed the stresses to spread through a larger area over the residual soil stratum.