Big Tunnels in Bad RockSource: Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering:;2001:;Volume ( 127 ):;issue: 009Author:Evert Hoek
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:9(726)Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
Abstract: Tunnels of 10 to 16 m span are frequently constructed for hydroelectric or transportation projects, and many of these tunnels are excavated in rock masses of very poor quality. When the ratio of rock mass strength to in situ stress falls below 0.2, squeezing of the rock mass becomes a problem that can cause instability of both the tunnel and the face. A method for predicting squeezing conditions is presented and the practical options for prereinforcing the face and supporting the tunnel to deal with these problems are discussed. Two case histories are included to illustrate how these prereinforcement and support measures can be incorporated into a tunnel design. Brief discussions are also given on water problems in tunneling, the use of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in squeezing ground, and the construction costs for large tunnels in varying ground conditions.
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| contributor author | Evert Hoek | |
| date accessioned | 2017-05-08T21:27:17Z | |
| date available | 2017-05-08T21:27:17Z | |
| date copyright | September 2001 | |
| date issued | 2001 | |
| identifier other | %28asce%291090-0241%282001%29127%3A9%28726%29.pdf | |
| identifier uri | http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl/handle/yetl/52076 | |
| description abstract | Tunnels of 10 to 16 m span are frequently constructed for hydroelectric or transportation projects, and many of these tunnels are excavated in rock masses of very poor quality. When the ratio of rock mass strength to in situ stress falls below 0.2, squeezing of the rock mass becomes a problem that can cause instability of both the tunnel and the face. A method for predicting squeezing conditions is presented and the practical options for prereinforcing the face and supporting the tunnel to deal with these problems are discussed. Two case histories are included to illustrate how these prereinforcement and support measures can be incorporated into a tunnel design. Brief discussions are also given on water problems in tunneling, the use of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) in squeezing ground, and the construction costs for large tunnels in varying ground conditions. | |
| publisher | American Society of Civil Engineers | |
| title | Big Tunnels in Bad Rock | |
| type | Journal Paper | |
| journal volume | 127 | |
| journal issue | 9 | |
| journal title | Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering | |
| identifier doi | 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2001)127:9(726) | |
| tree | Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering:;2001:;Volume ( 127 ):;issue: 009 | |
| contenttype | Fulltext |