Optimizing Flow and Heat Transfer With Guiding Pin Fins in a Wedge-Shaped Cooling Channel for Gas Turbine Blade Trailing Edge

Abstract

In this study, an innovative guiding pin-fin array optimization has been developed through three-dimensional numerical simulations to enhance the cooling efficiency of gas turbine blade trailing edge. The guiding pin-fin array is optimized using the Kriging surrogate model and Genetic Algorithm (GA), aiming to significantly improve the heat transfer rates and uniformity within the wedge-shaped channel. The design parameter chosen for optimization is the deflection angle of each guiding pin fin, and the optimization process is conducted in two rounds. The first-round optimization yields a first-optimized guiding pin-fin array, which exhibits superior overall heat transfer performance and reasonable pressure loss compared to conventional circular, oblong, and parallel pin-fin arrays. For the first-optimized guiding pin-fin (1st-OGP) channel at the Reynolds number of Re = 50,000, the total Nusselt number and pressure loss are 44.1% higher and 9.9% lower than those of the baseline circular pin-fin array (CP), respectively. An experimental validation using the transient liquid crystal (TLC) thermography method is carried out and proves the effectiveness of the optimization process. However, it is noted that the first-optimized guiding pin-fin exhibits even lower heat transfer at a low Reynolds number of Re = 10,000, particularly in the channel middle region, which is mainly due to the incapable turning flow control in the root region of the wedged channel. To address this issue and further improve the heat transfer performance at low Reynolds numbers, a second-round optimization is performed by specifically adjusting the deflection angle of the selected guiding pin fins near the root region of the wedged channel. This secondary optimization demonstrates significant heat transfer improvements over the whole studied Reynolds number range with a reasonably reduced consumption of computational resources. The total Nusselt number and pressure loss are 69.3% higher and 11.9% lower than those of the baseline circular pin-fin array, respectively, at Re = 50,000. The optimization process proposed in this paper produces a high-performance cooling structure design with elaborate guiding pin-fin arrangements in the wedge-shaped channel, which indicates high heat transfer enhancement and relatively lower pressure loss in the wedged channel for the turbine blade trailing edge.