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    Climate Change, Extreme Heat, and South Asian Megacities: Impact of Heat Stress on Inhabitants and Their Productivity

    Source: ASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities:;2024:;volume( 004 ):;issue: 004::page 41006-1
    Author:
    Debnath, Kumar Biswajit
    ,
    Jenkins, David
    ,
    Patidar, Sandhya
    ,
    Peacock, Andrew D.
    ,
    Bridgens, Ben
    DOI: 10.1115/1.4064021
    Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
    Abstract: Of the 33 global megacities, 10 were situated in South Asia. Extreme heat waves have become an annual phenomenon due to climate change in South Asian megacities, causing severe health issues and even deaths. In this study, we evaluated 29 years (1990–2019) of historical data on heat stress in ten selected megacities (existing and prospective)—New Delhi, Dhaka, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Chittagong, and Pune—in India and Bangladesh. We used heat index (HI) and environmental stress index (ESI) analyses to evaluate stress and vulnerability. Our results showed New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, and Chennai in India; Dhaka and Chittagong in Bangladesh were already experiencing an elevated number of hours of “danger” levels of heat stress, which may lead to heat cramps, exhaustion, stroke, and even death. Furthermore, the frequency of “danger” levels of heat stress and vulnerable levels of ESI has increased significantly since 2011 in the selected megacities, which elevated the heat-related vulnerability among the millions of inhabitants in terms of work hours lost for light, moderate, and heavy work due to heat stress. The vulnerable population in the studied megacities might have to reduce annual work hours by 0.25–860.6 h (light work), 43–1595.9 h (moderate work), and 291–2402 h (heavy work) due to extreme heat in 1990–2019. We also discussed the implication of the work-hour loss on productivity, income, gross domestic product, and sustainable development goal progress because of heat stress and its causes and suggested recommendations to reduce its impact.
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      Climate Change, Extreme Heat, and South Asian Megacities: Impact of Heat Stress on Inhabitants and Their Productivity

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4303315
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    • ASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities

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    contributor authorDebnath, Kumar Biswajit
    contributor authorJenkins, David
    contributor authorPatidar, Sandhya
    contributor authorPeacock, Andrew D.
    contributor authorBridgens, Ben
    date accessioned2024-12-24T19:07:11Z
    date available2024-12-24T19:07:11Z
    date copyright1/4/2024 12:00:00 AM
    date issued2024
    identifier issn2642-6641
    identifier otherjesbc_4_4_041006.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4303315
    description abstractOf the 33 global megacities, 10 were situated in South Asia. Extreme heat waves have become an annual phenomenon due to climate change in South Asian megacities, causing severe health issues and even deaths. In this study, we evaluated 29 years (1990–2019) of historical data on heat stress in ten selected megacities (existing and prospective)—New Delhi, Dhaka, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Chennai, Bengaluru, Hyderabad, Chittagong, and Pune—in India and Bangladesh. We used heat index (HI) and environmental stress index (ESI) analyses to evaluate stress and vulnerability. Our results showed New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, and Chennai in India; Dhaka and Chittagong in Bangladesh were already experiencing an elevated number of hours of “danger” levels of heat stress, which may lead to heat cramps, exhaustion, stroke, and even death. Furthermore, the frequency of “danger” levels of heat stress and vulnerable levels of ESI has increased significantly since 2011 in the selected megacities, which elevated the heat-related vulnerability among the millions of inhabitants in terms of work hours lost for light, moderate, and heavy work due to heat stress. The vulnerable population in the studied megacities might have to reduce annual work hours by 0.25–860.6 h (light work), 43–1595.9 h (moderate work), and 291–2402 h (heavy work) due to extreme heat in 1990–2019. We also discussed the implication of the work-hour loss on productivity, income, gross domestic product, and sustainable development goal progress because of heat stress and its causes and suggested recommendations to reduce its impact.
    publisherThe American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
    titleClimate Change, Extreme Heat, and South Asian Megacities: Impact of Heat Stress on Inhabitants and Their Productivity
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume4
    journal issue4
    journal titleASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities
    identifier doi10.1115/1.4064021
    journal fristpage41006-1
    journal lastpage41006-12
    page12
    treeASME Journal of Engineering for Sustainable Buildings and Cities:;2024:;volume( 004 ):;issue: 004
    contenttypeFulltext
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