Temperature-Dependent Classification of Geopolymers Derived From Granite Designed for Well Cementing Applications

Abstract

Alternative materials such as geopolymers appear to have potential advantages compared to Portland cement. However, the application of geopolymers for all sections of the well is still a major challenge due to the difference in temperature ranges. To that end, the classification of the granite-based geopolymer mix designs requires a thorough investigation of various properties at a range of different operational temperatures. In this study, three mix designs are presented for different well sections at temperatures ranging from 5 °C to 60 °C. The mix designs for low temperatures (<50 °C) were tuned by adding CaO to the dry solid blend. Workability, rheology, short-term compressive strength, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were conducted to conclude the performance of the mix designs under study. Results highlight the presence of Ca content (wt%) in mix designs and its role in enhancing material performance at low operational temperatures. The study reveals a promising future application of the granite-based geopolymer for well construction and abandonment at varying depths with recommendations for further improving the performance by the addition of chemical admixtures. In addition, the relation between temperature and Ca content was highlighted, and more investigations into the kinetics governing these two parameters were recommended.