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    Sensitivity of Idealized Squall-Line Simulations to the Level of Complexity Used in Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes

    Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2011:;volume( 140 ):;issue: 006::page 1883
    Author:
    Van Weverberg, Kwinten
    ,
    Vogelmann, Andrew M.
    ,
    Morrison, Hugh
    ,
    Milbrandt, Jason A.
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00120.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: his paper investigates the level of complexity that is needed within bulk microphysics schemes to represent the essential features associated with deep convection. To do so, the sensitivity of surface precipitation is evaluated in two-dimensional idealized squall-line simulations with respect to the level of complexity in the bulk microphysics schemes of H. Morrison et al. and of J. A. Milbrandt and M. K. Yau. Factors examined include the number of predicted moments for each of the precipitating hydrometeors, the number and nature of ice categories, and the conversion term formulations. First, it is shown that simulations of surface precipitation and cold pools are not only a two-moment representation of rain, as suggested by previous research, but also by two-moment representations for all precipitating hydrometeors. Cold pools weakened when both rain and graupel number concentrations were predicted, because size sorting led to larger graupel particles that melted into larger raindrops and caused less evaporative cooling. Second, surface precipitation was found to be less sensitive to the nature of the rimed ice species (hail or graupel). Production of hail in experiments including both graupel and hail strongly depends on an unphysical threshold that converts small hail back to graupel, indicating the need for a more physical treatment of the graupel-to-hail conversion. Third, it was shown that the differences in precipitation extremes between the two-moment microphysics schemes are mainly related to the treatment of drop breakup. It was also shown that, although the H. Morrison et al. scheme is dominated by deposition growth and low precipitation efficiency, the J. A. Milbrandt and M. K. Yau scheme is dominated by riming processes and high precipitation efficiency.
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      Sensitivity of Idealized Squall-Line Simulations to the Level of Complexity Used in Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4229701
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    contributor authorVan Weverberg, Kwinten
    contributor authorVogelmann, Andrew M.
    contributor authorMorrison, Hugh
    contributor authorMilbrandt, Jason A.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:29:24Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:29:24Z
    date copyright2012/06/01
    date issued2011
    identifier issn0027-0644
    identifier otherams-86172.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4229701
    description abstracthis paper investigates the level of complexity that is needed within bulk microphysics schemes to represent the essential features associated with deep convection. To do so, the sensitivity of surface precipitation is evaluated in two-dimensional idealized squall-line simulations with respect to the level of complexity in the bulk microphysics schemes of H. Morrison et al. and of J. A. Milbrandt and M. K. Yau. Factors examined include the number of predicted moments for each of the precipitating hydrometeors, the number and nature of ice categories, and the conversion term formulations. First, it is shown that simulations of surface precipitation and cold pools are not only a two-moment representation of rain, as suggested by previous research, but also by two-moment representations for all precipitating hydrometeors. Cold pools weakened when both rain and graupel number concentrations were predicted, because size sorting led to larger graupel particles that melted into larger raindrops and caused less evaporative cooling. Second, surface precipitation was found to be less sensitive to the nature of the rimed ice species (hail or graupel). Production of hail in experiments including both graupel and hail strongly depends on an unphysical threshold that converts small hail back to graupel, indicating the need for a more physical treatment of the graupel-to-hail conversion. Third, it was shown that the differences in precipitation extremes between the two-moment microphysics schemes are mainly related to the treatment of drop breakup. It was also shown that, although the H. Morrison et al. scheme is dominated by deposition growth and low precipitation efficiency, the J. A. Milbrandt and M. K. Yau scheme is dominated by riming processes and high precipitation efficiency.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleSensitivity of Idealized Squall-Line Simulations to the Level of Complexity Used in Two-Moment Bulk Microphysics Schemes
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume140
    journal issue6
    journal titleMonthly Weather Review
    identifier doi10.1175/MWR-D-11-00120.1
    journal fristpage1883
    journal lastpage1907
    treeMonthly Weather Review:;2011:;volume( 140 ):;issue: 006
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
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