Development and Application of a Transported Probability Density Function Method on Unstructured Three Dimensional Grids for the Prediction of Nitric Oxides

Abstract

The present work explores the capability of the transported probability density function (PDF) method to predict nitric oxide (NO) formation in turbulent combustion. To this end a hybrid finitevolume/Lagrangian Monte Carlo method is implemented into the THETA code of the German Aerospace Center (DLR). In this hybrid approach the transported PDF method governs the evolution of the thermochemical variables, whereas the flow field evolution is computed with a Reynoldsaveraged Navier–Stokes (RANS) method. The method is used to compute a turbulent hydrogenair flame and a methaneair flame and computational results are compared to experimental data. In order to assess the advantages of the transported PDF method, the flame computations are repeated with the “laminar chemistryâ€‌ approach as well as with an “assumed PDFâ€‌ method, which are both computationally less expensive. The present study reveals that the transported PDF method provides the highest accuracy in predicting the overall flame structure and nitric oxide formation.