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    Structural Concepts for Lunar-Based Astronomy

    Source: Applied Mechanics Reviews:;1993:;volume( 046 ):;issue: 006::page 336
    Author:
    Koon Meng Chua
    ,
    Stewart W. Johnson
    ,
    Max E. Nein
    DOI: 10.1115/1.3120362
    Publisher: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
    Abstract: Lunar-based astronomy requires structures that provide the required stiffness, strength, and dimensional stability in the challenging lunar vacuum, thermal, radiation, micrometeorite, secondary ejecta, and dust environments. Materials used in the structures must be durable to provide extended service life. They must not outgas and thereby interfere with optics. Structures must function as part of an integrated system involving detectors, metrology, and optics. The thermal environment of the lunar surface is particularly taxing because the long-duration exposures to extremes of temperature. Designers must cope with transient thermal gradients associated with passing from sunlight to darkness and back to sunlight. Also, the shape of mirrors and other components at night-time low temperatures may differ from shape at day-time high temperatures because of material properties varying significantly over the range from about 70 K to nearly 400 K. Materials for structural components include several types of glass, metals and their alloys (e.g., aluminum, beryllium, and titanium), graphite epoxy and the associated class of materials, and metal matrix composites (e.g., graphite magnesium and graphite aluminum). Examples of material properties are presented. Structural design concepts for several possible observatories are presented. Structural configurations will be partially determined by the need to reduce direct human involvement in the construction process. Concepts discussed include the 16-meter optical/ultraviolet telescope and a small telescope with 0.8-m aperture intended to be landed on the Moon by a robotic spacecraft. For lunar-based astronomy, structures must rest on the lunar regolith with loads transferred to the regolith through a foundation. The overall response of the structure is dependent on the interaction of the foundation and the regolith.
    keyword(s): Stability , Temperature , Optics , Metals , Aluminum , Alloys , Glass , Sensors , Vacuum , Structural design , Dust , Metal matrix composites , Construction , Service life (Equipment) , Stress , Epoxy adhesives , Thermal radiation , Materials properties , Low temperature , Metrology , Robotics , Graphite , Magnesium , Mirrors , Shapes , Space vehicles , Stiffness , Sunlight , Titanium , Integrated systems , High temperature AND Temperature gradients ,
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      Structural Concepts for Lunar-Based Astronomy

    URI
    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/111268
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    • Applied Mechanics Reviews

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    contributor authorKoon Meng Chua
    contributor authorStewart W. Johnson
    contributor authorMax E. Nein
    date accessioned2017-05-08T23:40:14Z
    date available2017-05-08T23:40:14Z
    date copyrightJune, 1993
    date issued1993
    identifier issn0003-6900
    identifier otherAMREAD-25646#336_1.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl/handle/yetl/111268
    description abstractLunar-based astronomy requires structures that provide the required stiffness, strength, and dimensional stability in the challenging lunar vacuum, thermal, radiation, micrometeorite, secondary ejecta, and dust environments. Materials used in the structures must be durable to provide extended service life. They must not outgas and thereby interfere with optics. Structures must function as part of an integrated system involving detectors, metrology, and optics. The thermal environment of the lunar surface is particularly taxing because the long-duration exposures to extremes of temperature. Designers must cope with transient thermal gradients associated with passing from sunlight to darkness and back to sunlight. Also, the shape of mirrors and other components at night-time low temperatures may differ from shape at day-time high temperatures because of material properties varying significantly over the range from about 70 K to nearly 400 K. Materials for structural components include several types of glass, metals and their alloys (e.g., aluminum, beryllium, and titanium), graphite epoxy and the associated class of materials, and metal matrix composites (e.g., graphite magnesium and graphite aluminum). Examples of material properties are presented. Structural design concepts for several possible observatories are presented. Structural configurations will be partially determined by the need to reduce direct human involvement in the construction process. Concepts discussed include the 16-meter optical/ultraviolet telescope and a small telescope with 0.8-m aperture intended to be landed on the Moon by a robotic spacecraft. For lunar-based astronomy, structures must rest on the lunar regolith with loads transferred to the regolith through a foundation. The overall response of the structure is dependent on the interaction of the foundation and the regolith.
    publisherThe American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
    titleStructural Concepts for Lunar-Based Astronomy
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume46
    journal issue6
    journal titleApplied Mechanics Reviews
    identifier doi10.1115/1.3120362
    journal fristpage336
    journal lastpage357
    identifier eissn0003-6900
    keywordsStability
    keywordsTemperature
    keywordsOptics
    keywordsMetals
    keywordsAluminum
    keywordsAlloys
    keywordsGlass
    keywordsSensors
    keywordsVacuum
    keywordsStructural design
    keywordsDust
    keywordsMetal matrix composites
    keywordsConstruction
    keywordsService life (Equipment)
    keywordsStress
    keywordsEpoxy adhesives
    keywordsThermal radiation
    keywordsMaterials properties
    keywordsLow temperature
    keywordsMetrology
    keywordsRobotics
    keywordsGraphite
    keywordsMagnesium
    keywordsMirrors
    keywordsShapes
    keywordsSpace vehicles
    keywordsStiffness
    keywordsSunlight
    keywordsTitanium
    keywordsIntegrated systems
    keywordsHigh temperature AND Temperature gradients
    treeApplied Mechanics Reviews:;1993:;volume( 046 ):;issue: 006
    contenttypeFulltext
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