Abstract: This study compares cold-season, high-latitude precipitation estimates from two global, merged satellite?gauge precipitation analyses?Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) and Climate Prediction Center Merged ...

Abstract: Currently, observations of key components of the earth's large-scale water and energy budgets are sparse or even nonexistent. One key component, precipitation minus evapotranspiration (P ? ET), remains largely unmeasured ...

Abstract: In an approach termed the PER method, where the key input variables are observed precipitation P and runoff R and estimated evaporation, the authors apply the basin water budget equation to diagnose the long-term variability ...

Abstract: he representation of permafrost and seasonally frozen ground and their projected twenty-first century trends is assessed in the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) and the Community Land Model version 4 (CLM4). ...

Abstract: t high latitudes, changes in soil moisture could alter soil temperatures independently of air temperature changes by interacting with the snow thermal rectifier. The authors investigated this mechanism with model experiments ...

Abstract: his paper reviews developments for the Community Land Model, version 4 (CLM4), examines the land surface climate simulation of the Community Climate System Model, version 4 (CCSM4) compared to CCSM3, and assesses new earth ...

Abstract: M3 is a new model of terrestrial water, energy, and carbon, intended for use in global hydrologic analyses and as a component of earth-system and physical-climate models. It is designed to improve upon the performance and ...

Abstract: The latest snow model intercomparison identified the same modelling issues as previous iterations over 23 years. Lack of new insights are attributed partly to human errors and intercomparison projects design.Twenty-seven ...