Abstract: The author has reconsidered the question of the regulation of tropical sea surface temperature. This has been done in general terms through consideration of the tropical beat budget and in specific terms through consideration ...

Abstract: The baroclinic instability characteristics of zonally inhomogeneous basic states are examined with the intent of clarifying the factors governing the regional distribution of cyclogenesis. The vertical shear of the basic ...

Abstract: We examine the factors determining whether a mountain acts as a strong barrier to an impinging flow. A primary concern is the extent to which the barrier effect is reduced when smoothed orography is used in a numerical ...

Abstract: We obtain simple closed-form expressions describing stratified, rotating flow over an infinite ridge in the semigeostrophic regime. The results are used to discuss the degree to which air parcels slow down as they approach ...

Abstract: The modification of baroclinic instability by low-level orographic blocking of cold advection is considered within a simple model. In this model, the meridional flow in the lower layer of a quasi-geostrophic model is blocked ...

Abstract: Based on consideration of the perturbation enstrophy and energy equations, we have derived a general family of bounds on the growth rates of perturbations to non-parallel (vortex-like or wave-like) flow on the barotropic ...

Abstract: The general nature of two-dimensional mixing on isentropic surfaces in the troposphere has been investigated. The daily time series of isentropic winds is obtained from a global general circulation model and is used to ...

Abstract: Numerical simulations of the inviscid, nonlinear life cycle of wave packets emerging from a zonally localized initial disturbance on a baroclinically unstable jet are studied. The study reveals the following. 1) Linear ...

Abstract: The authors have explored the factors governing upper-tropospheric relative humidity with a simple model based on isentropic mixing and condensation. Our analysis has focused on the Northern Hemisphere winter season and ...

Abstract: The authors offer some remarks on the greenhouse effect due to high clouds that reflect thermal infrared radiation, but do not absorb or emit it. Such clouds are an idealization of the CO2 ice clouds that are thought to ...