Abstract: It is determined how long a time series must be to estimate covariances and moments up to fourth order with a specified statistical significance. For a given averaging time T there is a systematic difference between the ...

Abstract: Remote sensing tools represent an attractive proposition for measuring wind speeds over the oceans because, in principle, they also offer a mechanism for determining the spatial variability of flow. Presented here is the ...

Abstract: odeling of the systematic errors in the second-order moments of wind speeds measured by continuous-wave (ZephIR) and pulsed (WindCube) lidars is presented. These lidars use the conical scanning technique to measure the ...

Abstract: To improve the quality of scalar-flux measurements, the two-point covariance between the vertical velocity w? and a scalar s?, separated in space both horizontally and vertically, is studied. The measurements of such ...

Abstract: Understanding and modeling ship wave slamming necessitates characterizing the surface wave field that results in slamming events. Shipboard measurements of the incoming wave field were made during sea trials of the twin-hull ...

Abstract: Methods to measure the vertical flux of horizontal momentum using both continuous wave and pulsed Doppler lidar profilers are evaluated. The lidar measurements are compared to momentum flux observations performed with sonic ...

Abstract: AbstractA grand challenge from the wind energy industry is to provide reliable forecasts on mountain winds several hours in advance at microscale (?100 m) resolution. This requires better microscale wind-energy physics ...