Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 761-780 of 6019
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Covariance Analysis Technique Based on Bivariate Log-Normal Distribution with Weather Modification Applications
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)A statistical technique based on the bivariate log-normal distribution is presented for analyses of treatment (cloud seeding) effects on measurements (precipitation amounts) when appropriate covariates (correlated control ... -
Angular Truncation Error of the Integrating Nephelometer in the Fog Droplet Size Range
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)Integrating nephelometers have an inherent error, known as the angular truncation error, which arises from the fact that they integrate scattered light intensity over a truncated angular range from ?1 > 0° to ?2 < 180°. ... -
Temperature Retrievals from Satellite Radiance Measurements—An Empirical Method
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)This paper presents a method for using satellite measurements to interpolate vertical temperature soundings between radiosonde stations. The calculations presented show that especially in the 1000?800 mb layer, where linear ... -
Time of Observation Temperature Bias and “Climatic Change”
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)Historical changes in time of once daily maximum and minimum temperature observations at cooperative climatological stations from 1905 to 1975 have introduced a systematic bias in mean temperatures. Unless corrected, this ... -
Parameterization of Depositional Ice Growth
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)The physics of ice nucleation as a temperature-dependent process is incorporated into a parameterized equation which simulates the depositional growth of ice at the expense of liquid and vapor phases. The depositional ... -
Procedures for Improving Pyrgeometer Performance
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)The actual performance of an Eppley pyrgeometer is compared to the desired theoretical performance. Several systematic errors are identified and evaluated in detail. The three most significant errors identified are due to ... -
The Influence of System Parameters on Acoustic Sounding
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)Acoustic radar records are reproduced to show the effects which may result from varying system parameters such as transmitted power, pulse length, pulse repetition frequency and recording techniques. Improved results can ... -
Digital Raingage Recorder
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)A digital raingage recording system is described. The apparatus includes a tipping bucket raingage and an electronic system which prints out the time of day each time the bucket tips. The electronic system operates on ... -
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Predictability of Effects of a Severe Local Storm in Pennsylvania
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)On 24 May 1975, an isolated thunderstorm in east-central Pennsylvania produced over 4 inches of rain in 2 h over an Agricultural Research Service instrumented area. The return period for this storm appears to exceed 650 ... -
Empirical Estimation of Urban Effects on Climate: A Problem Analysis
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)Doubt exists among atmospheric scientists about current estimates of local and regional effects of urbanization on climate, but not generally about the existence of these urban effects. This paper presents a framework for ... -
Some Aspects of Wind Power Statistics
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)Some of the problems of wind power statistics are examined. The exact relationship between the mean wind speed and the mean of the cube of the wind speed is discussed. The Weibull probability density function, a good model ... -
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Estimating Above and Below Normal Rainfall Periods over South Africa, 1972–2000
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)By fitting a trigonometrical regression model to a regionally averaged time series for the period 1910?72, and by extrapolation to the year 2000, an estimate of future extended wet and dry spells has been made for the ... -
Acoustic Doppler Measurement of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Velocity Structure Functions and Energy Dissipation Rates
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)Acoustic echo sounder (echosonde) and meteorological tower measurements of the turbulent velocity structure parameters D(r) and Cv2 and the rate of dissipation of turbulent energy ? are compared. The two acoustic Doppler ... -
Computer Simulation of Irradiance Measurements from Aircraft
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)A computer simulation has been developed to optimize the use of the aircraft platform for the measurement of shortwave irradiances. This model simulates the measurement of radiative fluxes in order to determine the approximate ... -
The Measurement of Air Motion from Aircraft
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)The measurement of air motion has now advanced to the stage where routine measurement of the three components of the velocity of the air can be made from aircraft to an accuracy of about 0.3 m s?1. The techniques have ... -
Comments on “A Mesoscale Phenomenon Revealed by an Acoustic Sounder”
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)tract -
A Note on Temperature and Humidity Profile Measurement over Forests Using Diodes
(American Meteorological Society, 1977)An instrument package developed for measuring six-level, dry-bulb and wet-bulb temperature profiles above forests is described. Germanium diodes, incorporated into a constant current circuit, were used as temperature ... -