Journal of Applied Meteorology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 1021-1040 of 6019

    • A Parameterization of Diffusion into the Mixed Layer 

      Deardorff, J. W.; Willis, G. E. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      The diffusion from a source near the ground into the daytime mixed layer has been deduced from laboratory measurements, making use of boundary-layer free-convection similarity scaling. A parameterization is presented which ...

    • Energy Budgets for Three Small Plots—Substantiation of Priestley and Taylor's Large-Scale Evaporation Parameter 

      Thompson, J. Robert (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Eleven days of energy balance data from three unsaturated land surfaces were collected in the White Mountains of Arizona. These data indicate the variability in α for unsaturated conditions, and seem to verify that a ...

    • On the Variability of “Dynamic Seedability” as a Function of Time and Location over South Florida. Part II. Temporal Variability 

      Cotton, William R.; Boulanger, Albert (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Using the one-dimensional cumulus model developed by Cotton, predictions of the effects of seeding cumulus clouds were performed during the month of July 1973 as part of the Experimental Meteorology Laboratory's Florida ...

    • A Comparison Study of Plume Rise Formulas Applied to Tall Stack Data 

      Guldberg, Peter H. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Three plume rise formulas are compared in their ability to model the final rise of hot, buoyant plumes from tall stacks. The model proposed by Briggs (1969), later modified by revisions in Briggs (1971, 1972), best predicted ...

    • Gamma—The Psychrometer Non-Constant 

      Storr, D.; Hartog, G. Den (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Using 0.66 mb K?1 for ?, the psychrometric constant, can cause underestimates of evapotranspiration in excess of 5% at elevations above 1000 m. Graphs and equations are presented to prevent this error and to facilitate the ...

    • The Ratio of Absorption to Backscatter of Solar Radiation by Aerosols during Khamsin Conditions and Effects on the Radiation Balance 

      Joseph, Joachim H.; Wolfson, Noah (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Representative average values of the absorption to backscatter ratio of the aerosols in two typical synoptic conditions, namely cloudless khamsinic days and normal cloudless days, have been deduced from four years of data ...

    • A Photographic Technique for Measurements of Atmospheric Particles in situ from Aircraft 

      Cannon, Theodore W. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      In situ photographs are taken of atmospheric particles with radius 4 ?m and larger with a special particle camera installed on a research sailplane. Ice particle shapes, sizes and concentrations, raindrop sizes and ...

    • Time-Integrated Radar Echo Tops as a Measure of Cloud Seeding Effects 

      Goyer, Guy G. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Radar echo tops of individual cells, integrated over their duration above 7.6 km, are used to define an overall storm magnitude, a growth factor after seeding, and an average seeding rate. The growth factor is then plotted ...

    • A Non-Thermal Mechanism for Forcing Cumulonimbus Cloud 

      Connell, James (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Within the thunderstorm there is an extensive region of collision between airflows having different transports of momentum. The inflow-updraft should interact with cloud layer environmental wind to produce counter-rotating ...

    • Airborne Infrared Radiometry and Hailswaths 

      Markey, Kevin L.; Goyer, Guy G. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      The method of analysis and display of airborne infrared radiometer data is presented. The method involves recording, enhancing, digitizing, filtering, compressing, calibrating and displaying on contour radiation temperature ...

    • Infrasound from Convective Storms. Part IV. Is It Useful for Storm Warning? 

      Georges, T. M.; Greene, Gary E. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      An experiment was carried out to collect statistics on the observability of severe-storm infrasound at three stations during the 1973 storm season. The results have been evaluated with the help of four ?indices of usefulness?: ...

    • Airborne Droplet Sampler for Use in Fogs and Low-Level Stratus 

      Gathman, Stuart G. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      A light weight mechanical sampler is described which can be flown into fogs or stratus decks by means of a tethered kite balloon to obtain droplet size spectra at a precise altitude. This instrument has been compared with ...

    • Solar Radiation Effects on Pyrgeometer Performance 

      Enz, John W.; Klink, John C.; Baker, Donald G. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      In 1973 an Eppley Laboratory pyrgeometer was installed on a field site in St. Paul, Minn., to measure atmospheric radiation (Ld). Based on comparisons between measured and calculated Ld for clear nights and low overcast ...

    • Dual-Doppler Radar Observation and Study of Sea Breeze Convective Storm Development 

      Lhermitte, Roger M.; Gilet, Marc (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      This paper presents dual-Doppler radar observations and analysis of the kinematics of a convective storm which developed under sea breeze conditions over the area of Miami, Fla. The method, which is based on simultaneous ...

    • A Numerical Study of Fog Clearing by Helicopter Downwash 

      Johnson, David B.; Barker, Edward H.; Lowe, Paul R. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      A two-dimensional axially symmetric computer model was used to study downwash-induced fog clearings. In order to produce a clearing the helicopter downwash must reach the ground while the helicopter hovers at or above the ...

    • Optimizing Rainfall Estimates with the Aid of Radar 

      Brandes, Edward A. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Estimates of precipitation are improved when raingage observations are used to calibrate quantitative radar data as well as to estimate precipitation in areas without radar data. Estimated areal precipitation depth errors ...

    • Surface Gustiness and Wind Speed Range as a Function of Time Interval and Mean Wind Speed 

      Tattelman, Paul (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Approximately 100 hours of wind records with mean speeds of 20 to 100 kt (at 12 m) were obtained from the Mt. Washington Observatory. Analyses of these data indicate that the gust factor can be used to describe the ...

    • Urban-Rural Humidity Differences 

      Hage, K. D. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      Urban and rural airport surface weather observations in a 13-year period of rapid city growth are used to document city effects on absolute and relative humidity in a dry climate at fairly high latitudes. The city is found ...

    • Weather Surveillance Radar 

      Marshall, J. Stewart; Ballantvne, Ernest H. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      The advantages of operating weather radar in a ?surveillance? mode, i.e., recording automatically all precipitation at ranges from a few kilometers to a few hundred kilometers, can be achieved without sacrifice of regional ...

    • Comments on “The Precision and Accuracy of Volz Sunphotometry” 

      Russell, Philip B.; Shaw, Glenn E. (American Meteorological Society, 1975)
      By analysing two sets of atmospheric solar measurements, Laulainen and Taylor conclude that conventional Volz sunphotometry is subject to considerable error arising from apparent day-to-day variation in J0, the zero-airmass ...