Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions

Now showing items 2981-3000 of 5084

    • A Study on Optimum Tilt Angle for Wind Estimation Using Indian MST Radar 

      Anandan, V. K.; Rao, I. Srinivasa; Reddy, P. Narasimha (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      The effect of tilt angle on horizontal wind estimation is studied using Indian mesosphere?stratosphere?troposphere (MST) radar located at Gadanki (13.45°N, 79.18°E). It operates in Doppler beam swinging (DBS) mode with a ...

    • Uncertainties in Profiler and Polarimetric DSD Estimates and Their Relation to Rainfall Uncertainties 

      Williams, Christopher R.; May, Peter T. (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      Polarimetric weather radars offer the promise of accurate rainfall measurements by including polarimetric measurements in rainfall estimation algorithms. Questions still remain on how accurately polarimetric measurements ...

    • Brightband Identification Based on Vertical Profiles of Reflectivity from the WSR-88D 

      Zhang, Jian; Langston, Carrie; Howard, Kenneth (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      The occurrence of a bright band, a layer of enhanced reflectivity due to melting of aggregated snow, increases uncertainties in radar-based quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE). The height of the brightband layer ...

    • A Space-Filling Algorithm to Extrapolate Narrow-Swath Instantaneous TRMM Microwave Rain-Rate Estimates Using Thermal IR Imagery 

      Barros, Ana P.; Tao, Kun (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      A space-filling algorithm (SFA) based on 2D spectral estimation techniques was developed to extrapolate the spatial domain of the narrow-swath near-instantaneous rain-rate estimates from Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ...

    • Comparison of Airborne and Spaceborne 95-GHz Radar Reflectivities and Evaluation of Multiple Scattering Effects in Spaceborne Measurements 

      Bouniol, Dominique; Protat, Alain; Plana-Fattori, Artemio; Giraud, Manuel; Vinson, Jean-Paul; Grand, Noël (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      This paper provides an evaluation of the level 1 (reflectivity) CloudSat products by making use of coincident measurements collected by an airborne 95-GHz radar during the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (AMMA) ...

    • Unfiltering of the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) Data. Part II: Longwave Radiation 

      Clerbaux, N.; Dewitte, S.; Bertrand, C.; Caprion, D.; De Paepe, B.; Gonzalez, L.; Ipe, A.; Russell, J. E. (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      The method used to estimate the unfiltered longwave broadband radiance from the filtered radiances measured by the Geostationary Earth Radiation Budget (GERB) instrument is presented. This unfiltering method is used to ...

    • Dry Bias in Vaisala RS90 Radiosonde Humidity Profiles over Antarctica 

      Rowe, Penny M.; Miloshevich, Larry M.; Turner, David D.; Walden, Von P. (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      Middle to upper tropospheric humidity plays a large role in determining terrestrial outgoing longwave radiation. Much work has gone into improving the accuracy of humidity measurements made by radiosondes. Some radiosonde ...

    • Laboratory Studies of Scattering Properties of Polluted Cloud Droplets: Implications for FSSP Measurements 

      Diehl, Karoline; Huber, Günter; Mitra, Subir K.; Wendisch, Manfred (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      Laboratory experiments were conducted in the Mainz vertical wind tunnel to study the effects of pollutants dissolved or suspended in cloud droplets on the droplet size measurements of a Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe ...

    • Retrieval of Reflectivity in a Networked Radar Environment 

      Chandrasekar, V.; Lim, S. (American Meteorological Society, 2008)
      A system for reflectivity and attenuation retrieval for rain medium in a networked radar environment is described. Electromagnetic waves backscattered from a common volume in networked radar systems are attenuated differently ...

    • Preliminary Tests of an Ultrasonic Thermoanemometer for Aircraft Measurements 

      Marillier, A.; Cabane, M.; Cruette, D. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      A prototype of an ultrasonic thermoanemometer, specially designed for aircraft measurements, has been developed. By measuring the transit time of ultrasonic pulses, one can deduce the speed of sound and then the air ...

    • An Intelligent Chilled Mirror Humidity Instrument 

      Hosom, David S.; Crescenti, Gennaro H.; Winget, Clifford L.; Weisman, Sumner; Doucet, Donald P.; Price, James F. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      An intelligent, chilled mirror humidity instrument has been designed for use on buoys and ships. Our design goal is for the instrument to make high-quality dewpoint temperature measurements for a period of up to one year ...

    • An Improved Version of the Pressure Anemometer 

      Oost, W. A.; Worrell, E. H. W.; Schaap, J. W.; van Oort, C.; Kraan, C. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      An earlier paper introduced a new type of fast-responding vector wind meter, designed for adverse conditions, such as those that exist low over the sea surface. The most critical part of this instrument, its sensor head, ...

    • Refraction of Sound by Islands and Seamounts 

      Munk, W. H.; Zachariasen, F. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      We consider the propagation into shallow water of low-frequency and low-order acoustic modes trapped in the sound channel. The phase velocity slightly decreases and then increases with decreasing depth. This leads to an ...

    • Development and Testing of the MIT Acoustic Levitation Test Facilities 

      Lupi, Victor D.; Hansman, R. John (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      Two acoustic levitation test facilities have been developed for cloud physics experimentation. These facilities utilize acoustic standing wave energy to suspend both solid and liquid objects in a contact-free environment. ...

    • An Automated Radiometer Traversing System for Use in a Model Urban Canyon 

      Voogt, J. A.; Steyn, D. G. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      The design of an automated radiometer traversing system used to measure nocturnal longwave surface radiative budgets in a model urban canyon is described. The system allows two net radiometers to be traversed around the ...

    • An Improved Raindrop Chemistry Spectrometer 

      Bradley, Stuart G.; Adams, Stephen J.; Stow, C. David; de Mora, Stephen J. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      A spectrometer allowing size-fractional chemical analysis of raindrops has been described previously by the authors. Modifications to this raindrop chemistry spectrometer now allow improved performance in windy conditions. ...

    • High-Altitude Balloon Test of Satellite Solar Occultation Instrument for Monitoring Stratospheric O3, H2O and HNOHNO 

      Weinreb, M. P.; Morcan, W. A.; Chang, I-Lok; Johnson, L. D.; Bridges, P. A.; Neuendorffer, A. C. (American Meteorological Society, 1984)
      In June 1982 a multi-detector infrared grating spectrometer was carried by a balloon to an altitude of 39 km at Palestine, Texas, where it measured intensities of solar radiation transmitted by the stratosphere before and ...

    • Evaluation of Measurements of Particle Size and Sample Area from Optical Array Probes 

      Korolev, A. V.; Kuznetsov, S. V.; Makarov, Yu E.; Novikov, V. S. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      The technique of using shadow images of particles, obtained in coherent illumination to measure particle size, is analyzed. The theory of Fresnel diffraction for an opaque disc was used to analyze shadow images of transparent ...

    • Prospects for Temperature Sounding with Satellite and Ground-based RASS Measurements 

      Schroeder, J. A.; Westwater, E. R.; May, P. T.; McMillin, L. M. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      Temperature profiles from the TIROS-N Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) were combined with low-altitude virtual temperature profiles measured by a ground-based 915-MHz/2-kHz radio acoustic sounding system (RASS) at Denver, ...

    • A Method of Retrieving Turbulence Parameters from Volume Processing of Single-Doppler Radar Measurements 

      Campistron, Bernard; Long, Alexis B.; Huggins, Arlen W. (American Meteorological Society, 1991)
      In previous work the derivation of turbulence parameters from single-Doppler radar observations was performed with data acquired along a horizontal circle. Here the technique is extended to all the radar data within a ...