Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology: Recent submissions
Now showing items 2961-2980 of 5084
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A Practical Pyrgeometer Using the Representative Angle
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)A simple directional pyrgeometer is tested and compared with a conventional standard pyrgeometer. The system presented in this article has a narrow directional response and points to the representative zenith angle of ... -
Geometric Calibration of Digital Cameras for 3D Cumulus Cloud Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)A technique for calibrating digital cameras for stereo photogrammetry of cumulus clouds is presented. It has been applied to characterize the formation of summer thunderstorms observed during the Cumulus Photogrammetric, ... -
An Evaluation of Calibration Techniques for In Situ Carbon Dioxide Measurements Using a Programmable Portable Trace-Gas Measuring System
(American Meteorological Society, 2009)The construction and deployment of a portable trace-gas measurement system (TGaMS) is described. The air-collection system (dubbed HYDRA) collects air samples from 18 different locations and was connected to either one or ... -
Ground Clutter as a Monitor of Radar Stability at Kwajalein, RMI
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)There are many applications in which the absolute and day-to-day calibrations of radar sensitivity are necessary. This is particularly so in the case of quantitative radar measurements of precipitation. While fine calibrations ... -
An Intercomparison of Ground-Based Solar FTIR Measurements of Atmospheric Gases at Eureka, Canada
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The authors report the results of an intercomparison of vertical column amounts of hydrogen chloride (HCl), hydrogen fluoride (HF), nitrous oxide (N2O), nitric acid (HNO3), methane (CH4), ozone (O3), carbon dioxide (CO2), ... -
Vertical 2-μm Heterodyne Differential Absorption Lidar Measurements of Mean CO2 Mixing Ratio in the Troposphere
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Vertical mean CO2 mixing ratio measurements are reported in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) and in the lower free troposphere (FT), using a 2-?m heterodyne differential absorption lidar (HDIAL). The mean CO2 mixing ... -
Quality Assessment of Weather Radar Wind Profiles during Bird Migration
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Wind profiles from an operational C-band Doppler radar have been combined with data from a bird tracking radar to assess the wind profile quality during bird migration. The weather radar wind profiles (WRWPs) are retrieved ... -
An Analysis of Errors in Drop Size Distribution Retrievals and Rain Bulk Parameters with a UHF Wind Profiling Radar and a Two-Dimensional Video Disdrometer
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Vertically pointed wind profiling radars can be used to obtain measurements of the underlying drop size distribution (DSD) for a rain event by means of the Doppler velocity spectrum. Precipitation parameters such as rainfall ... -
High-Resolution Observations of Insects in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)High spatial and temporal resolution S-band radar observations of insects in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) are described. The observations were acquired with a frequency-modulated continuous-wave (FMCW) radar during ... -
A Compact Lightweight Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (CLASP)
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The Compact Lightweight Aerosol Spectrometer Probe (CLASP) is an optical particle spectrometer capable of measuring size-resolved particle concentrations in 16 user-defined size bins spanning diameters in the range 0.24 < ... -
Spaced-Antenna Interferometry to Detect and Locate Subvolume Inhomogeneities of Reflectivity: An Analogy with Monopulse Radar
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The theory of spaced-antenna interferometry (SAI) is formulated to detect and locate deterministic objects and reflectivity inhomogeneities embedded within the phased-array weather radar?s resolution volume V6 and to improve ... -
Measurements of the Transmission Loss of a Radome at Different Rain Intensities
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Results on the transmission loss of a dry and a wet C-band weather radar radome at different rain intensities are presented. Two methods were used in the study, both carried out under laboratory conditions. In the first ... -
Cloud Detection with MODIS. Part I: Improvements in the MODIS Cloud Mask for Collection 5
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Significant improvements have been made to the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud mask (MOD35 and MYD35) for Collection 5 reprocessing and forward stream data production. Most of the modifications ... -
Comparison of Water Vapor Measurements by Airborne Sun Photometer and Diode Laser Hygrometer on the NASA DC-8
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)In January?February 2003, the 14-channel NASA Ames airborne tracking sun photometer (AATS) and the NASA Langley/Ames diode laser hygrometer (DLH) were flown on the NASA DC-8 aircraft. The AATS measured column water vapor ... -
First Results of Experimental Tests of the Newly Developed NARL Phased-Array Doppler Sodar
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A multifrequency phased-array Doppler sodar system has been installed recently at the National Atmospheric Research Laboratory (NARL) for the continuous observation of the lower atmosphere from near ground to the atmospheric ... -
Scene Radiance–Dependent Intersatellite Biases of HIRS Longwave Channels
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Measurements from the simultaneous nadir overpass (SNO) observations of the High Resolution Infrared Radiation Sounder (HIRS) are examined. The SNOs are the measurements taken at the orbital intersections of each pair of ... -
Errors of Naturally Ventilated Air Temperature Measurements in a Spatial Observation Network
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)A spatial network of 25 air temperature sensors was deployed over an area of 3.5 km ? 3.5 km of agricultural land, aiming to calculate the sensible heat flux by spatial averaging instead of temporal averaging. Since ... -
Correction of Angular Response Error in Brewer UV Irradiance Measurements
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)Ultraviolet spectral irradiance measured by spectroradiometers usually presents high deviations from the ideal angular response due to imperfections in the entrance optics. In this paper a methodology to correct the angular ... -
Multiple Scattering Effects in Pulsed Radar Systems: An Intercomparison Study
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)In this paper, two different numerical methods capable of computing multiple scattering effects in pulsed-radar systems are compared. Both methods are based on the solution of the time-dependent vectorial form of the ... -
Differential Reflectivity Calibration for Operational Radars
(American Meteorological Society, 2008)The conventional technique for calibrating Zdr using natural scatterers is based on vertical-looking observations. In some operational weather radar, this method is not applicable because of mechanical constraints that ...