Monthly Weather Review: Recent submissions
Now showing items 841-860 of 39179
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Diurnal Cycle of Surface Winds in the Maritime Continent Observed through Satellite Scatterometry
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractThe diurnal cycle of surface winds throughout the Maritime Continent plays a significant role in the formation of precipitation over the islands of the region and over the surrounding seas. This study investigates ... -
Understanding Biases in Simulating the Diurnal Cycle of Convection over the Western Coast of Sumatra: Comparison with Pre-YMC Observation Campaign
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractBiases in simulating the diurnal cycle of convection near the western coast of the island of Sumatra have been investigated using the data from the pilot field campaign of the Years of the Maritime Continent ... -
An Evaluation of the Impact of Assimilating AERI Retrievals, Kinematic Profilers, Rawinsondes, and Surface Observations on a Forecast of a Nocturnal Convection Initiation Event during the PECAN Field Campaign
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractNumerical weather prediction models often fail to correctly forecast convection initiation (CI) at night. To improve our understanding of such events, researchers collected a unique dataset of thermodynamic and ... -
Lagrangian Description of Air Masses Associated with Latent Heat Release in Tropical Storm Karl (2016) during Extratropical Transition
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractExtratropical transition (ET) of tropical cyclones involves distinct changes of the cyclone?s structure that are not yet well understood. This study presents for the first time a comprehensive Lagrangian description ... -
Constrained Quantile Regression Splines for Ensemble Postprocessing
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractStatistical postprocessing of ensemble forecasts is widely applied to make reliable probabilistic weather forecasts. Motivated by the fact that nature imposes few restrictions on the shape of forecast distributions, ... -
Tropical Cyclone Hazard to Mumbai in the Recent Historical Climate
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractThe hazard to the city of Mumbai, India, from a possible severe tropical cyclone under the recent historical climate is considered. The authors first determine, based on a review of primary sources, that the Bombay ... -
The Relative Impact of Ice Fall Speeds and Microphysics Parameterization Complexity on Supercell Evolution
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractThe use of bin or bulk microphysics schemes in model simulations frequently produces large changes in the simulated storm and precipitation characteristics, but it is still unclear which aspects of these schemes ... -
A Hybrid Stochastically Perturbed Parametrization Scheme in a Convection-Permitting Ensemble
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractModel error in ensemble prediction systems is often represented by either a tendency perturbation approach or a process-based parameter perturbation scheme. In this paper a novel hybrid stochastically perturbed ... -
Examination of the Expendable Digital Dropsonde–Derived Vertical Velocities from the Tropical Cyclone Intensity (TCI) Experiment
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractThe newly developed expendable digital dropsonde (XDD) allows for high spatial and temporal resolution data collection in tropical cyclones (TCs). In 2015, a total of 725 XDDs were launched into Hurricanes Marty ... -
Assimilation of Radar Radial Velocity, Reflectivity, and Pseudo–Water Vapor for Convective-Scale NWP in a Variational Framework
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractTo improve severe thunderstorm prediction, a novel pseudo-observation and assimilation approach involving water vapor mass mixing ratio is proposed to better initialize NWP forecasts at convection-resolving scales. ... -
The Mechanism and Predictability of an Elevated Convection Initiation Event in a Weak-Lifting Environment in Central-Eastern China
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractAn elevated convection initiation (CI) of a quasi-linear mesoscale convective system (MCS) that occurred in a weak-lifting environment in the early morning on 23 June 2016 in central-eastern China was investigated ... -
Interactions between Convection and a Moist Vortex Associated with an Extreme Rainfall Event over Southern West Africa
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractAn intense mesoscale convective system (MCS) in the Guinea Coast region caused one of the highest ever recorded daily rainfall amounts at the Nigerian station Abakaliki on 12 June 2016 (223.5 mm). This paper provides ... -
Assimilation of Satellite Soil Moisture for Improved Atmospheric Reanalyses
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractA newly developed, weakly coupled land and atmosphere data assimilation system for NASA?s Global Earth Observing System model is presented, and used to demonstrate the benefit of assimilating satellite soil moisture ... -
Using Deep Learning to Estimate Tropical Cyclone Intensity from Satellite Passive Microwave Imagery
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractA deep learning convolutional neural network model is used to explore the possibilities of estimating tropical cyclone (TC) intensity from satellite images in the 37- and 85?92-GHz bands. The model, called ... -
Comparing Adaptive Prior and Posterior Inflation for Ensemble Filters Using an Atmospheric General Circulation Model
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractSampling errors and model errors are major drawbacks from which ensemble Kalman filters suffer. Sampling errors arise because of the use of a limited ensemble size, while model errors are deficiencies in the dynamics ... -
Interactions between a Nocturnal MCS and the Stable Boundary Layer as Observed by an Airborne Compact Raman Lidar during PECAN
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractSmall-scale variations within the low-level outflow and inflow of an MCS can either support or deter the upscale growth and maintenance of the MCS. However, these small-scale variations, in particular in the ... -
Stochastic Parameterization of Subgrid-Scale Velocity Enhancement of Sea Surface Fluxes
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractSubgrid-scale (SGS) velocity variations result in gridscale sea surface flux enhancements that must be parameterized in weather and climate models. Traditional parameterizations are deterministic in that they assign ... -
The Dominant Patterns of Intraseasonal Rainfall Variability in May–October and November–April over the Tropical Western Pacific
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractThe space?time structure of intraseasonal (10?90 day) rainfall variability in the western tropical Pacific is studied using daily 3B42 TRMM and ERA-Interim reanalysis data for the period 1998?2014. Empirical ... -
Observed Variations of the Atmospheric Boundary Layer and Stratocumulus over a Warm Eddy in the Kuroshio Extension
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractA research vessel sailing across a warm eddy in the Kuroshio Extension on 13 April 2016 captured an abrupt development of stratocumulus under synoptic high pressure. Shipboard observations and results from regional ... -
Observed Kinematic and Thermodynamic Structure in the Hurricane Boundary Layer during Intensity Change
(American Meteorological Society, 2019)AbstractThe axisymmetric structure of the inner-core hurricane boundary layer (BL) during intensification [IN; intensity tendency ≥20 kt (24 h)?1, where 1 kt ≈ 0.5144 m s?1], weakening [WE; intensity tendency <?10 kt (24 ...