Monthly Weather Review: Recent submissions
Now showing items 441-460 of 39179
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A Climatology of Cell Mergers with Supercells and Their Association with Mesocyclone Evolution
(2022)In this study, we present a climatology of observed cell mergers along the paths of 342 discrete, right-moving supercells and their association with temporal changes in low-level mesocyclone strength (measured using azimuthal ... -
Impact of Combined Assimilation of Wind Profiler and Doppler Radar Data on a Convective-Scale Cycling Forecasting System
(2022)The two types of wind observations, profiler and radar radial velocity, have been successfully assimilated into numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. However, the added value of profiler data, especially from a densely ... -
Applications of the Geometry-Sensitive Ensemble Mean for Lake-Effect Snowbands and Other Weather Phenomena
(2022)Ensembles of predictions are critical to modern weather forecasting. However, visualizing ensembles and their means in a useful way remains challenging. Existing methods of creating ensemble means do not recognize the ... -
Self-Organizing Maps for the Classification of Spatial and Temporal Variability of Tornado-Favorable Parameters
(2022)A nuanced analysis of the spatial and temporal distribution of supercell tornadoes and the characteristics of the near-storm environments associated with those tornadoes is critical to improving our understanding of the ... -
Comparing Frontal Structures of Extratropical Cyclones in the Northwestern Pacific and Northwestern Atlantic Storm Tracks
(2022)The frontal structures of extratropical cyclones developing in the northwestern Pacific storm track are relatively poorly understood compared with those in Europe and the Atlantic Ocean, for which representative conceptual ... -
Multiscale Aspects of the 26–27 April 2011 Tornado Outbreak. Part II: Environmental Modifications and Upscale Feedbacks Arising from Latent Processes
(2022)One of the most prolific tornado outbreaks ever documented occurred on 26–27 April 2011 and comprised three successive episodes of tornadic convection that culminated with the development of numerous long-track, violent ... -
Multiscale Aspects of the 26–27 April 2011 Tornado Outbreak. Part I: Outbreak Chronology and Environmental Evolution
(2022)One of the most prolific tornado outbreaks ever documented occurred on 26–27 April 2011 and comprised three successive episodes of tornadic convection that primarily impacted the southeastern United States, including two ... -
Masthead
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Using a Cost-Effective Approach to Increase Background Ensemble Member Size within the GSI-Based EnVar System for Improved Radar Analyses and Forecasts of Convective Systems
(2022)A valid time shifting (VTS) method is explored for the GSI-based ensemble variational (EnVar) system modified to directly assimilate radar reflectivity at convective scales. VTS is a cost-efficient method to increase ... -
GEFSv12 Reforecast Dataset for Supporting Subseasonal and Hydrometeorological Applications
(2022)For the newly implemented Global Ensemble Forecast System, version 12 (GEFSv12), a 31-yr (1989–2019) ensemble reforecast dataset has been generated at the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP). The reforecast ... -
Assessing the Forecast Impact of a Geostationary Microwave Sounder Using Regional and Global OSSEs
(2022)Forecast observing system simulation experiments (OSSEs) are conducted to assess the potential impact of geostationary microwave (GeoMW) sounder observations on numerical weather prediction forecasts. A regional OSSE is ... -
Impacts of Coastal Terrain on Warm-Sector Heavy-Rain-Producing MCSs in Southern China
(2022)Warm-sector heavy rainfall in southern China refers to the heavy rainfall that occurs within a weakly forced synoptic environment under the influence of monsoonal airflows. It is usually located near the southern coast and ... -
Benefits of Smoothing Backgrounds and Radar Reflectivity Observations for Multiscale Data Assimilation with an Ensemble Kalman Filter at Convective Scales: A Proof-of-Concept Study
(2022)In the ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF), the covariance localization radius is usually small when assimilating radar observations because of high density of the radar observations. This makes the region away from precipitation ... -
SPC Mesoscale Analysis Compared to Field-Project Soundings: Implications for Supercell Environment Studies
(2022)A total of 257 supercell proximity soundings obtained for field programs over the central United States are compared with profiles extracted from the SPC mesoscale analysis system (the SFCOA) to understand how errors in ... -
Postprocessing Ensemble Weather Forecasts for Introducing Multisite and Multivariable Correlations Using Rank Shuffle and Copula Theory
(2022)Statistical methods have been widely used to postprocess ensemble weather forecasts for hydrological predictions. However, most of the statistical postprocessing methods apply to a single weather variable at a single ... -
The Evolution of Asymmetries in the Tropical Cyclone Boundary Layer Wind Field during Landfall
(2022)The evolution of the tropical cyclone boundary layer (TCBL) wind field before landfall is examined in this study. As noted in previous studies, a typical TCBL wind structure over the ocean features a supergradient boundary ... -
Analysis and Simulations of a Heavy Rainfall Event Associated with the Passage of a Shallow Front over Northern Taiwan on 2 June 2017
(2022)From 0200 to 1000 LST 2 June 2017, the shallow, east–west-oriented mei-yu front (<1 km) cannot move over the Yang-Ming Mountains (with peaks ∼1120 m) when it first arrives. The postfrontal cold air at the surface is deflected ... -
Effects of Flow Dependency Introduced by Background Error in Frequent and Dense Assimilation of Radial Winds Using Observation Error Correlated in Time and Space
(2022)We investigated the effect of flow dependency in the assimilation of high-density, high-frequency observations. Radial winds from a Doppler radar are assimilated using a regional hybrid four-dimensional variational data ... -
Instabilities in the Shallow-Water System with a Semi-Lagrangian, Time-Centered Discretization
(2022)Conventional wisdom suggests that the combination of semi-Lagrangian advection and an implicit treatment of gravity wave terms should result in a combined scheme for the shallow-water equations stable for high Courant ...