Flow Distribution Manifolds

Abstract

Flow distribution in the lateral branches of dividing, combining, reverse, and parallel flow manifold systems is studied both analytically and experimentally. Predictions for the flow rates and pressures in the headers of any of the above four basic manifold configurations are obtained from the solution of two first order differential equations involving the flow rate and the pressure difference across headers (pressure-flow equation set), or by the solution of a second order, nonlinear ordinary differential equation involving the flow rate alone (flow distribution equation). Experimental results are presented for various manifold designs having different lateral/header area ratios, lateral flow resistances, and length/diameter ratios. Good agreement is obtained between the analytical and experimental results. Dimensionless parameters which affect flow distribution are identified and discussed with respect to the generalized coefficients of the analytical model. The present method of analysis is proposed for general application in evaluating the performance of flow distribution systems.