Detrimental Effects on Coastal Concrete Structures by <i>Chaetomorpha Antennina</i>

Abstract

Durability-related problem of any structure is a very important issue that cannot be overlooked, particularly for the structures located in coastal regions. In the coastal region the deterioration of structures often occurs due to aging, chloride ingress, etc., but the actions of living organisms are often underestimated. So a proper design of new structures and maintenance of old structures are essential since deterioration causes not only fatality but also economic burden to mankind. This paper focuses on the biodeterioration of coastal structures by marine algae (especially marine chlorophyceae