Project Evaluation: Accomplishments, Shortfalls, and Lessons Learned in Housing Development Projects in Ethiopia

Abstract

Public investment projects are implemented by many countries to meet increasing demands for public services. However, the success rate of such projects is often debated, and what is considered successful by one party may not be considered successful by another, even in the case of elements within the same project. Literature has paid much attention to independent project evaluation because evaluation is an important source of evidence of results and generates knowledge. The purpose of the present case study is to assess the efficiency, effectiveness, relevance, sustainability, and effects of housing development projects in Ethiopia in order for lessons learned to be drawn on in the selection, design, and implementation of future projects, particularly those in Ethiopia. An independent evaluation is conducted using integrated Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) evaluation criteria, and a number of findings are identified. Qualitative and quantitative evidences are triangulated to demonstrate the evaluation results of the projects. The findings reveal that the housing projects were not efficient, effective, relevant, or sustainable, with the exception of the Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, project. Exaggerated and multiple project objectives, lack of effective front-end project assessment and preparation framework, and the cultural practices of decision makers are identified as pitfalls that could affect the success of future projects in Ethiopia.