Genetic Programming Simulation of Dam Breach Hydrograph and Peak Outflow Discharge

Abstract

In this paper, genetic programming (GP) was used to simulate outflow hydrograph from earthen dam breach. The required data for the modeling were collected from literature, new experimental tests, and a physically based model. A number of homogeneous cohesive and noncohesive embankments were constructed in the flume and breached by overtopping flows. In the experiments, 40 embankments were constructed and tested in various sizes with different materials. The results demonstrate that the results of the GP method are in good agreement with the observed values. The model was tested for a case study (Teton Dam). In addition, an experimental-based broad-crest weir (EXBCW), a lumped model for calculating the peak outflow discharge due to an earth dam breach, was proposed on the basis of the governing equation of broad-crest weir outflow and experimental data. Finally, the results of the EXBCW model were compared with the observed data and results of empirical and GP-based methods.