Elastic Solution for Tunneling-Induced Ground Movements in Clays

Abstract

This paper presents the elastic solutions for the prediction of the tunneling-induced ground deformations for shallow and deep tunnels in the soft ground. The oval-shaped ground deformation pattern is incorporated as the boundary condition of the displacement around the tunnel section. The difference between uniform radial and oval-shaped ground deformation patterns on surface and subsurface settlements and lateral deformation is investigated. Five case studies are used to check the applicability of the proposed analytical solutions. Generally the good agreement of the predicted ground deformations can be seen with field observations for tunnels in uniform clay.