Selection of Rubber Materials and Shapes for Energy‐Absorbing Elements

Abstract

Energy dissipation characteristics of rubber elements are discussed as a function of material, geometry, temperature, and grouping effects. Static and dynamic energy absorption of particular rubber compounds is quantified. Compounds studied include natural rubber, butadiene, ethylene‐propylene, butyl, neoprene, and a proprietary elastomer. Both circular and square cross sections are tested as individual elements, and in clusters. Photographic sequences of static and dynamic tests show deformed shapes of cross sections. While circular cylinders deform in a stable manner during impact, individual and clustered square cylinders are susceptible to buckling and absorb energy that varies with the impact angle. Web stiffeners substantially increase energy‐absorbing capabilities of circular cylinders but add complexity to the manufacturing process and reduce reliability under load. Influence of temperature variation on energy absorption capabilities for various rubber compounds is rated according to a thermal index.