Effects of the Blockchain and Artificial Intelligence on Value Cocreation in Construction Projects: A Mixed Methods Study

Abstract

Emerging technologies—blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI)—have revolutionized the operational model of construction organizations by developing a new paradigm of value cocreation within construction projects. However, it remains unclear how blockchain and AI could foster value cocreation in construction projects. Dynamic capability theory (DCT) and task-technology fit theory (TTFT) were utilized to address this knowledge gap by constructing a theoretical model that elucidates the relationship among blockchain, AI, and value cocreation in construction projects. A mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative studies, was deployed to unveil the results. A total of 296 survey responses were collected from construction professionals, and partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to assess the model. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 construction professionals to validate the study’s findings, and the grounded theory method was employed to solidify the theoretical framework. The findings indicate that blockchain has a significant positive effect on AI, and both blockchain and AI have significant positive effects on value cocreation in construction projects. Moreover, government support and task-technology fit moderate the impact of blockchain and AI on value cocreation, thereby enhancing the value cocreation of construction projects. This study not only contributes to knowledge extension by clarifying the relationship among blockchain, AI, and value cocreation in construction projects but also provides valuable insights for engineering and construction firms seeking to effectively utilize blockchain and AI.