Integration of Engineering Optimization in Architectural Design

Abstract

The recent advancements in theories and numerical methods of engineering optimization have paved the way for the widespread application of computational techniques in architectural and structural design, as well as software development. This paper is focused on exploring the practical implementation of various optimization strategies within architectural and structural design contexts. By utilizing mesh generation algorithms, intricate geometries inherent to architectural and structural design can be systematically constructed and discretized, facilitating analysis, design, and optimization processes. In the domain of grid-shell design, achieving optimal and aesthetic forms while adhering to engineering constraints is essential. This research explores grid-shell form finding and optimization, using a potential energy-based algorithm to reach equilibrium in grid-shell structures. Subsequent size optimization addresses stress and buckling concerns to ensure structural robustness. For long-span structures, often desired for their creation of expansive spaces and incorporation of architectural design principles, structural performance optimization is achieved using topology optimization. This study explores multiple manufacturing constraints embedded within topology optimization to enhance the feasibility of realizing topologically optimized material configurations. Another area of engineering optimization is in roof truss and frame design, aimed at creating distinctive and aesthetically pleasing configurations beyond traditional forms while meeting engineering load combinations and design criteria. To generate unique forms for roof truss structures, the genetic algorithm is employed in this study. This algorithmic approach facilitates diverse geometrical configurations while maintaining required strength and serviceability criteria. Through these studies, the paper highlights the transformative potential of optimization methodologies in shaping innovative architectural and structural designs with enhanced efficiency and functionality.