Design–Construction Interface Problems in Sustainable Construction Projects

Abstract

The unique demands of sustainable construction projects, necessitating distinct management techniques, specialized materials, and novel building practices, present challenges in efficiently navigating project scope, time, and cost. High cooperation among key stakeholders of sustainable construction projects is considered critical for project success, which is often hindered by design–construction interface problems. These problems arise owing to the increased complexity in the design stage and the diversity of requirements, activities, agents, and tools related to sustainability. While several studies have examined the problems related to the design–construction interface, none has specifically focused on sustainable construction projects. Therefore, this research aims to identify and assess design–construction interface problems in sustainable construction projects. A total of 25 design–construction interface problems were identified through extensive literature review. To assess these design–construction interface problems, a survey was distributed among sustainable construction professionals, where 63 responses were collected. The results of the study indicate that the most significant interface problems in sustainable construction projects include “change orders, lack of proper coordination between various disciplines of the design team, extensive and slow decision-making process, material changes during the construction phase, and poorly written contracts.” Among the provided recommendations, the enhancement of communication and collaboration among the construction parties through the shift toward the integrated project delivery method is emphasized. Communication topped the list of challenges in sustainable construction projects, playing a pivotal role in determining project success. Therefore, interface management, which aims at managing the problems that occur among project stakeholders, becomes even more critical in sustainable construction projects. As many previous studies have shown, a lack of communication between the designer and the contractor hinders the design–construction interface, resulting in creating adversarial relationships, increasing change orders and reworks, and affecting project performance. By identifying, assessing, and mitigating these issues, projects can become more cost-effective and sustainable. Understanding the probability and impact of each problem on project costs allows stakeholders to allocate resources efficiently, reduce delays, and improve overall project performance. This research can inform policy makers and industry professionals about critical areas needing attention, fostering better collaboration between designers and constructors. Ultimately, addressing these interface problems contributes to achieving sustainable development goals.