Patient-Specific Three-Dimensional-Printed and Bolus Material-Based Localization Grids for Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Guided Interventional Procedures

Abstract

In view of the lack of commercially available localization grids for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided interventional procedures, two customizable and easily fabricable grids are proposed. The first one is a patient-specific three-dimensional-printed localization grid that incorporates MRI markers while the second one is a grid constructed with Superflex Transparent Bolus material. MRI scans were performed with the grids attached on an abdominal phantom. The patient-specific three-dimensional-printed grid is visible in T1-weighted, T2-weighted, proton density (PD) and fluid attenuated inversion recovery MR images, whereas the Superflex grid is visible only in T1-weighted and PD images. However, the Superflex grid offers the advantage of a simpler fabrication process and is more cost-effective. Both proposed localization grids can facilitate the determination of the optimal needle entry positions for MRI-guided interventional procedures, leading to reduced overall procedure time and improved efficiency.