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    Air–Water Flows and Head Losses on Stepped Spillways with Inclined Steps

    Source: Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering:;2022:;Volume ( 148 ):;issue: 011::page 04022037
    Author:
    Yvan Arosquipa Nina
    ,
    Rui Shi
    ,
    Davide Wüthrich
    ,
    Hubert Chanson
    DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001701
    Publisher: ASCE
    Abstract: On a stepped spillway, the staircase invert profile generates some intense turbulent dissipation during the spill, associated with a significant reduction of kinetic energy, as well as strong self-aeration. The present study focused on the effects of inclined downward steps on the air–water flow properties, flow resistance, and head losses because these mostly relate to spillway design. Some physical modeling was conducted in a relatively large facility with a 45° stepped chute (1V:1H) operating with Reynolds numbers 2.8×103<Re<1×106. The presence of downward steps induced some elongated asymmetrical cavity shapes, creating a less stable cavity recirculation pattern along the entire chute, leading to different interactions with the main stream. In terms of basic air–water flow properties, the distributions of void fraction and bubble count rate presented very close results for all three stepped geometries, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The interfacial velocities did not reach any uniform equilibrium (i.e., normal flow) condition, and the fastest velocities were recorded with the 1V:2.33H inclined downward stepped chute geometry (δ=23.3° and λ/k=3), and the slowest velocities on the horizontal stepped chute (δ=0 and λ/k=2). The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor f and relative head loss ΔH/Hmax were estimated in the self-aerated flow. The comparative analyses suggested that the largest total drag and head losses were observed on the stepped chute with flat horizontal steps. An inclined downward stepped design yielded lesser head losses for all investigated flow conditions, providing an important information for practical engineers designing these hydraulic structures.
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      Air&#x2013;Water Flows and Head Losses on Stepped Spillways with Inclined Steps

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    contributor authorYvan Arosquipa Nina
    contributor authorRui Shi
    contributor authorDavide Wüthrich
    contributor authorHubert Chanson
    date accessioned2022-12-27T20:39:18Z
    date available2022-12-27T20:39:18Z
    date issued2022/11/01
    identifier other(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001701.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4287731
    description abstractOn a stepped spillway, the staircase invert profile generates some intense turbulent dissipation during the spill, associated with a significant reduction of kinetic energy, as well as strong self-aeration. The present study focused on the effects of inclined downward steps on the air–water flow properties, flow resistance, and head losses because these mostly relate to spillway design. Some physical modeling was conducted in a relatively large facility with a 45° stepped chute (1V:1H) operating with Reynolds numbers 2.8×103<Re<1×106. The presence of downward steps induced some elongated asymmetrical cavity shapes, creating a less stable cavity recirculation pattern along the entire chute, leading to different interactions with the main stream. In terms of basic air–water flow properties, the distributions of void fraction and bubble count rate presented very close results for all three stepped geometries, both qualitatively and quantitatively. The interfacial velocities did not reach any uniform equilibrium (i.e., normal flow) condition, and the fastest velocities were recorded with the 1V:2.33H inclined downward stepped chute geometry (δ=23.3° and λ/k=3), and the slowest velocities on the horizontal stepped chute (δ=0 and λ/k=2). The Darcy-Weisbach friction factor f and relative head loss ΔH/Hmax were estimated in the self-aerated flow. The comparative analyses suggested that the largest total drag and head losses were observed on the stepped chute with flat horizontal steps. An inclined downward stepped design yielded lesser head losses for all investigated flow conditions, providing an important information for practical engineers designing these hydraulic structures.
    publisherASCE
    titleAir–Water Flows and Head Losses on Stepped Spillways with Inclined Steps
    typeJournal Article
    journal volume148
    journal issue11
    journal titleJournal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering
    identifier doi10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001701
    journal fristpage04022037
    journal lastpage04022037_15
    page15
    treeJournal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering:;2022:;Volume ( 148 ):;issue: 011
    contenttypeFulltext
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