Effects of Drilling for Tieback Anchors on Surrounding Ground: Results from Field Tests

Abstract

A full-scale field test program was carried out to investigate the effects of drilling for tieback anchors on the surrounding ground. The test anchors were drilled from the ground surface through a soft clay deposit and into bedrock. Five different drilling methods were compared. All methods caused excess pore pressures in the surrounding clay, up to 70 kPa, extending several meters away from where drilling took place. This impact on pore pressures was for most drilling methods significantly larger than what has been observed for driven piles in clay. High penetration rate combined with water flushing during drilling through soft clay is the main reason for the effects on the pore pressure. Drilling with a down-the-hole hammer and air flushing through a layer of moraine and into bedrock in one of the test areas (Area B) caused significantly larger excess pore pressures and ground settlements than the other drilling methods. Approximately half of the maximum resulting settlements of 12 mm in Area B was most likely caused by reconsolidation of remolded clay around the casing tubes. Drilling with water-driven hammer in Area C had less effect on both pore pressures and ground settlements.