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    Radiative Effects of Clouds and Water Vapor on an Axisymmetric Monsoon

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2020:;volume( 33 ):;issue: 020::page 8789
    Author:
    Byrne, Michael P.;Zanna, Laure
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0974.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: Monsoons are summertime circulations shaping climates and societies across the tropics and subtropics. Here the radiative effects controlling an axisymmetric monsoon and its response to climate change are investigated using aquaplanet simulations. The influences of clouds, water vapor, and CO2 on the axisymmetric monsoon are decomposed using the radiation-locking technique. Seasonal variations in clouds and water vapor strongly modulate the axisymmetric monsoon, reducing net precipitation by approximately half. Warming and moistening of the axisymmetric monsoon by seasonal longwave cloud and water vapor effects are counteracted by a strong shortwave cloud effect. The shortwave cloud effect also expedites onset of the axisymmetric monsoon by approximately two weeks, whereas longwave cloud and water vapor effects delay onset. A conceptual model relates the timing of monsoon onset to the efficiency of surface cooling. In climate change simulations CO2 forcing and the water vapor feedback have similar influences on the axisymmetric monsoon, warming the surface and moistening the region. In contrast, clouds have a negligible effect on surface temperature yet dominate the monsoon circulation response. A new perspective for understanding how cloud radiative effects shape the monsoon circulation response to climate change is introduced. The radiation-locking simulations and analyses advance understanding of how radiative processes influence an axisymmetric monsoon, and establish a framework for interpreting monsoon–radiation coupling in observations, in state-of-the-art models, and in different climate states.
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      Radiative Effects of Clouds and Water Vapor on an Axisymmetric Monsoon

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    contributor authorByrne, Michael P.;Zanna, Laure
    date accessioned2022-01-30T17:57:30Z
    date available2022-01-30T17:57:30Z
    date copyright9/11/2020 12:00:00 AM
    date issued2020
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherjclid190974.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4264255
    description abstractMonsoons are summertime circulations shaping climates and societies across the tropics and subtropics. Here the radiative effects controlling an axisymmetric monsoon and its response to climate change are investigated using aquaplanet simulations. The influences of clouds, water vapor, and CO2 on the axisymmetric monsoon are decomposed using the radiation-locking technique. Seasonal variations in clouds and water vapor strongly modulate the axisymmetric monsoon, reducing net precipitation by approximately half. Warming and moistening of the axisymmetric monsoon by seasonal longwave cloud and water vapor effects are counteracted by a strong shortwave cloud effect. The shortwave cloud effect also expedites onset of the axisymmetric monsoon by approximately two weeks, whereas longwave cloud and water vapor effects delay onset. A conceptual model relates the timing of monsoon onset to the efficiency of surface cooling. In climate change simulations CO2 forcing and the water vapor feedback have similar influences on the axisymmetric monsoon, warming the surface and moistening the region. In contrast, clouds have a negligible effect on surface temperature yet dominate the monsoon circulation response. A new perspective for understanding how cloud radiative effects shape the monsoon circulation response to climate change is introduced. The radiation-locking simulations and analyses advance understanding of how radiative processes influence an axisymmetric monsoon, and establish a framework for interpreting monsoon–radiation coupling in observations, in state-of-the-art models, and in different climate states.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleRadiative Effects of Clouds and Water Vapor on an Axisymmetric Monsoon
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume33
    journal issue20
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/JCLI-D-19-0974.1
    journal fristpage8789
    journal lastpage8811
    treeJournal of Climate:;2020:;volume( 33 ):;issue: 020
    contenttypeFulltext
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