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    Response of the Salinity-Stratified Bay of Bengal to Cyclone Phailin

    Source: Journal of Physical Oceanography:;2019:;volume 049:;issue 005::page 1121
    Author:
    Chaudhuri, Dipanjan
    ,
    Sengupta, Debasis
    ,
    D’Asaro, Eric
    ,
    Venkatesan, R.
    ,
    Ravichandran, M.
    DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-18-0051.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: AbstractCyclone Phailin, which developed over the Bay of Bengal in October 2013, was one of the strongest tropical cyclones to make landfall in India. We study the response of the salinity-stratified north Bay of Bengal to Cyclone Phailin with the help of hourly observations from three open-ocean moorings 200 km from the cyclone track, a mooring close to the cyclone track, daily sea surface salinity (SSS) from Aquarius, and a one-dimensional model. Before the arrival of Phailin, moored observations showed a shallow layer of low-salinity water lying above a deep, warm ?barrier? layer. As the winds strengthened, upper-ocean mixing due to enhanced vertical shear of storm-generated currents led to a rapid increase of near-surface salinity. Sea surface temperature (SST) cooled very little, however, because the prestorm subsurface ocean was warm. Aquarius SSS increased by 1.5?3 psu over an area of nearly one million square kilometers in the north Bay of Bengal. A one-dimensional model, with initial conditions and surface forcing based on moored observations, shows that cyclone winds rapidly eroded the shallow, salinity-dominated density stratification and mixed the upper ocean to 40?50-m depth, consistent with observations. Model sensitivity experiments indicate that changes in ocean mixed layer temperature in response to Cyclone Phailin are small. A nearly isothermal, salinity-stratified barrier layer in the prestorm upper ocean has two effects. First, near-surface density stratification reduces the depth of vertical mixing. Second, mixing is confined to the nearly isothermal layer, resulting in little or no SST cooling.
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      Response of the Salinity-Stratified Bay of Bengal to Cyclone Phailin

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    contributor authorChaudhuri, Dipanjan
    contributor authorSengupta, Debasis
    contributor authorD’Asaro, Eric
    contributor authorVenkatesan, R.
    contributor authorRavichandran, M.
    date accessioned2019-10-05T06:47:07Z
    date available2019-10-05T06:47:07Z
    date copyright3/8/2019 12:00:00 AM
    date issued2019
    identifier otherJPO-D-18-0051.1.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4263410
    description abstractAbstractCyclone Phailin, which developed over the Bay of Bengal in October 2013, was one of the strongest tropical cyclones to make landfall in India. We study the response of the salinity-stratified north Bay of Bengal to Cyclone Phailin with the help of hourly observations from three open-ocean moorings 200 km from the cyclone track, a mooring close to the cyclone track, daily sea surface salinity (SSS) from Aquarius, and a one-dimensional model. Before the arrival of Phailin, moored observations showed a shallow layer of low-salinity water lying above a deep, warm ?barrier? layer. As the winds strengthened, upper-ocean mixing due to enhanced vertical shear of storm-generated currents led to a rapid increase of near-surface salinity. Sea surface temperature (SST) cooled very little, however, because the prestorm subsurface ocean was warm. Aquarius SSS increased by 1.5?3 psu over an area of nearly one million square kilometers in the north Bay of Bengal. A one-dimensional model, with initial conditions and surface forcing based on moored observations, shows that cyclone winds rapidly eroded the shallow, salinity-dominated density stratification and mixed the upper ocean to 40?50-m depth, consistent with observations. Model sensitivity experiments indicate that changes in ocean mixed layer temperature in response to Cyclone Phailin are small. A nearly isothermal, salinity-stratified barrier layer in the prestorm upper ocean has two effects. First, near-surface density stratification reduces the depth of vertical mixing. Second, mixing is confined to the nearly isothermal layer, resulting in little or no SST cooling.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleResponse of the Salinity-Stratified Bay of Bengal to Cyclone Phailin
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume49
    journal issue5
    journal titleJournal of Physical Oceanography
    identifier doi10.1175/JPO-D-18-0051.1
    journal fristpage1121
    journal lastpage1140
    treeJournal of Physical Oceanography:;2019:;volume 049:;issue 005
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
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