Euro-Atlantic Atmospheric Circulation during the Late Maunder MinimumSource: Journal of Climate:;2018:;volume 031:;issue 010::page 3849Author:Mellado-Cano, Javier
,
Barriopedro, David
,
García-Herrera, Ricardo
,
Trigo, Ricardo M.
,
Álvarez-Castro, Mari Carmen
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0261.1Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: AbstractThis paper presents observational evidence of the atmospheric circulation during the Late Maunder Minimum (LMM, 1685?1715) based on daily wind direction observations from ships in the English Channel. Four wind directional indices and 8-point wind roses are derived at monthly scales to characterize the LMM. The results indicate that the LMM was characterized by a pronounced meridional circulation and a marked reduction in the frequency of westerly days all year round, as compared to the present (1981?2010). The winter circulation contributed the most to the cold conditions. Nevertheless, findings indicate that the LMM in Europe was more heterogeneous than previously thought, displaying contrasting spatial patterns in both circulation and temperature, as well as large decadal variability. In particular, there was an increase of northerly winds favoring colder winters in the first half of the LMM, but enhanced southerlies contributing to milder conditions in the second half of the LMM. The analysis of the atmospheric circulation yields a new and complete classification of LMM winters. The temperature inferred from the atmospheric circulation confirms the majority of extremely cold winters well documented in the literature, while uncovering other less documented cold and mild winters. The results also suggest a nonstationarity of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern within the LMM, with extremely cold winters being driven by negative phases of a ?high zonal? NAO pattern and ?low zonal? NAO patterns dominating during moderately cold winters.
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contributor author | Mellado-Cano, Javier | |
contributor author | Barriopedro, David | |
contributor author | García-Herrera, Ricardo | |
contributor author | Trigo, Ricardo M. | |
contributor author | Álvarez-Castro, Mari Carmen | |
date accessioned | 2019-09-19T10:08:47Z | |
date available | 2019-09-19T10:08:47Z | |
date copyright | 2/16/2018 12:00:00 AM | |
date issued | 2018 | |
identifier other | jcli-d-17-0261.1.pdf | |
identifier uri | http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4262054 | |
description abstract | AbstractThis paper presents observational evidence of the atmospheric circulation during the Late Maunder Minimum (LMM, 1685?1715) based on daily wind direction observations from ships in the English Channel. Four wind directional indices and 8-point wind roses are derived at monthly scales to characterize the LMM. The results indicate that the LMM was characterized by a pronounced meridional circulation and a marked reduction in the frequency of westerly days all year round, as compared to the present (1981?2010). The winter circulation contributed the most to the cold conditions. Nevertheless, findings indicate that the LMM in Europe was more heterogeneous than previously thought, displaying contrasting spatial patterns in both circulation and temperature, as well as large decadal variability. In particular, there was an increase of northerly winds favoring colder winters in the first half of the LMM, but enhanced southerlies contributing to milder conditions in the second half of the LMM. The analysis of the atmospheric circulation yields a new and complete classification of LMM winters. The temperature inferred from the atmospheric circulation confirms the majority of extremely cold winters well documented in the literature, while uncovering other less documented cold and mild winters. The results also suggest a nonstationarity of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) pattern within the LMM, with extremely cold winters being driven by negative phases of a ?high zonal? NAO pattern and ?low zonal? NAO patterns dominating during moderately cold winters. | |
publisher | American Meteorological Society | |
title | Euro-Atlantic Atmospheric Circulation during the Late Maunder Minimum | |
type | Journal Paper | |
journal volume | 31 | |
journal issue | 10 | |
journal title | Journal of Climate | |
identifier doi | 10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0261.1 | |
journal fristpage | 3849 | |
journal lastpage | 3863 | |
tree | Journal of Climate:;2018:;volume 031:;issue 010 | |
contenttype | Fulltext |