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    Convection Initiation Caused by Heterogeneous Low-Level Jets over the Great Plains

    Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2018:;volume 146:;issue 008::page 2615
    Author:
    Gebauer, Joshua G.
    ,
    Shapiro, Alan
    ,
    Fedorovich, Evgeni
    ,
    Klein, Petra
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-18-0002.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: AbstractObservations from three nights of the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) field campaign were used in conjunction with Rapid Refresh model forecasts to find the cause of north?south lines of convection, which initiated away from obvious surface boundaries. Such pristine convection initiation (CI) is relatively common during the warm season over the Great Plains of the United States. The observations and model forecasts revealed that all three nights had horizontally heterogeneous and veering-with-height low-level jets (LLJs) of nonuniform depth. The veering and heterogeneity were associated with convergence at the top-eastern edge of the LLJ, where moisture advection was also occurring. As time progressed, this upper region became saturated and, due to its placement above the capping inversion, formed moist absolutely unstable layers, from which the convergence helped initiate elevated convection. The structure of the LLJs on the CI nights was likely influenced by nonuniform heating across the sloped terrain, which led to the uneven LLJ depth and contributed toward the wind veering with height through the creation of horizontal buoyancy gradients. These three CI events highlight the importance of assessing the full three-dimensional structure of the LLJ when forecasting nocturnal convection over the Great Plains.
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      Convection Initiation Caused by Heterogeneous Low-Level Jets over the Great Plains

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4261298
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    contributor authorGebauer, Joshua G.
    contributor authorShapiro, Alan
    contributor authorFedorovich, Evgeni
    contributor authorKlein, Petra
    date accessioned2019-09-19T10:04:49Z
    date available2019-09-19T10:04:49Z
    date copyright6/28/2018 12:00:00 AM
    date issued2018
    identifier othermwr-d-18-0002.1.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4261298
    description abstractAbstractObservations from three nights of the Plains Elevated Convection at Night (PECAN) field campaign were used in conjunction with Rapid Refresh model forecasts to find the cause of north?south lines of convection, which initiated away from obvious surface boundaries. Such pristine convection initiation (CI) is relatively common during the warm season over the Great Plains of the United States. The observations and model forecasts revealed that all three nights had horizontally heterogeneous and veering-with-height low-level jets (LLJs) of nonuniform depth. The veering and heterogeneity were associated with convergence at the top-eastern edge of the LLJ, where moisture advection was also occurring. As time progressed, this upper region became saturated and, due to its placement above the capping inversion, formed moist absolutely unstable layers, from which the convergence helped initiate elevated convection. The structure of the LLJs on the CI nights was likely influenced by nonuniform heating across the sloped terrain, which led to the uneven LLJ depth and contributed toward the wind veering with height through the creation of horizontal buoyancy gradients. These three CI events highlight the importance of assessing the full three-dimensional structure of the LLJ when forecasting nocturnal convection over the Great Plains.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleConvection Initiation Caused by Heterogeneous Low-Level Jets over the Great Plains
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume146
    journal issue8
    journal titleMonthly Weather Review
    identifier doi10.1175/MWR-D-18-0002.1
    journal fristpage2615
    journal lastpage2637
    treeMonthly Weather Review:;2018:;volume 146:;issue 008
    contenttypeFulltext
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