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    Residual Strain in a Reservoir Ice Cover: Field Investigations, Causes, and Its Role in Estimating Ice Stress

    Source: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering:;2018:;Volume ( 144 ):;issue: 008
    Author:
    Huang Wenfeng;Li Zhijun;Leppäranta Matti;Han Hongwei;Wang Ni
    DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001488
    Publisher: American Society of Civil Engineers
    Abstract: Ice strain dominates the ice thrust and dynamics on reservoir dams and retaining structures. An exclusively designed laser range finder was deployed to measure the surface ice displacements along six directions at a reservoir in northeastern China. The incompletely confined boundary (ice-boundary bonding), ice cracks development, water level fluctuations, parallel crack dynamics, and ice creep allow the surface ice to move rather than keep still in response to thermal deformation/pressure, and thus cause the ice strain to deviate from thermal strain. Consequently, a residual strain was introduced and calculated from the recorded displacements. Observations showed that the residual strains were anisotropic and showed diurnal patterns following the air/ice temperature. A scale-dependence of crack development was observed to cause potential scale-effects to residual strains. The real ice strain consists of thermal strain and residual strain. The proportion of the latter increased as time went by. A modified constitutive law accommodating the residual strains was developed to evaluate the impacts of the residual strains and to estimate the surface ice stresses. Modeling results underlined the role of the residual strain in determining both the principal stress and the stress perpendicular to and parallel with the dam face. The residual strain is probably the reason why the observed ice stress is always much lower than the single thermal stress.
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      Residual Strain in a Reservoir Ice Cover: Field Investigations, Causes, and Its Role in Estimating Ice Stress

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4249060
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    contributor authorHuang Wenfeng;Li Zhijun;Leppäranta Matti;Han Hongwei;Wang Ni
    date accessioned2019-02-26T07:44:47Z
    date available2019-02-26T07:44:47Z
    date issued2018
    identifier other%28ASCE%29HY.1943-7900.0001488.pdf
    identifier urihttp://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4249060
    description abstractIce strain dominates the ice thrust and dynamics on reservoir dams and retaining structures. An exclusively designed laser range finder was deployed to measure the surface ice displacements along six directions at a reservoir in northeastern China. The incompletely confined boundary (ice-boundary bonding), ice cracks development, water level fluctuations, parallel crack dynamics, and ice creep allow the surface ice to move rather than keep still in response to thermal deformation/pressure, and thus cause the ice strain to deviate from thermal strain. Consequently, a residual strain was introduced and calculated from the recorded displacements. Observations showed that the residual strains were anisotropic and showed diurnal patterns following the air/ice temperature. A scale-dependence of crack development was observed to cause potential scale-effects to residual strains. The real ice strain consists of thermal strain and residual strain. The proportion of the latter increased as time went by. A modified constitutive law accommodating the residual strains was developed to evaluate the impacts of the residual strains and to estimate the surface ice stresses. Modeling results underlined the role of the residual strain in determining both the principal stress and the stress perpendicular to and parallel with the dam face. The residual strain is probably the reason why the observed ice stress is always much lower than the single thermal stress.
    publisherAmerican Society of Civil Engineers
    titleResidual Strain in a Reservoir Ice Cover: Field Investigations, Causes, and Its Role in Estimating Ice Stress
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume144
    journal issue8
    journal titleJournal of Hydraulic Engineering
    identifier doi10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001488
    page4018048
    treeJournal of Hydraulic Engineering:;2018:;Volume ( 144 ):;issue: 008
    contenttypeFulltext
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