Optimization of Deceleration Markings of Visual Illusion in a Highway Tunnel

Abstract

In order to improve the deceleration effect in the highway tunnel, the design method of visual information with high and low frequency combined is proposed. Using 3ds Max software design driving video and illusion combination marking in high frequency (8–16 Hz) and low frequency (0.2–4 Hz) in the tunnel side wall, this paper completed the psychophysical experiments of speed perception about a single frequency and a series of combination of high and low frequency of visual information by E-Prime 2.0 software. The degree of speed illusion is different under different information, so visual illusion is analyzed on the lines of deceleration effect. Conclusion: multifrequency combined information makes speed perception overestimate of drivers, and the drivers speed overestimation degree is 8.21% when high frequency and low frequency information are 12 Hz and 0.2 Hz respectively, which is in the reasonable scope. At the same time, the drivers shortest reaction time is 2.08 s. On this basis, by the safety distance model, in the highway tunnel the speed calculated is at least 67 m so that it can keep a safe distance. It decreases 25.6% compared with the traditional safety distance of 90 m. It conforms to the actual driving conditions and provides the certain reference of the safety specification for driving inside the tunnel.