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    An Objective Climatology of Carolina Coastal Fronts

    Source: Weather and Forecasting:;2005:;volume( 020 ):;issue: 004::page 439
    Author:
    Appel, K. Wyat
    ,
    Riordan, Allen J.
    ,
    Holley, Timothy A.
    DOI: 10.1175/WAF869.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: This study describes a simple objective method to identify cases of coastal frontogenesis offshore of the Carolinas and to characterize the sensible weather associated with frontal passage at measurement sites near the coast. The identification method, based on surface hourly data from offshore and adjacent land stations, was applied to an 11-yr dataset (1984?94). A total of 379 coastal fronts was found, 70 of which eventually made landfall along the North Carolina coast; 112 that remained offshore, and 197 were termed diurnal since they remained offshore but disappeared during daylight hours. Results show that most coastal and offshore sites experience a wind shift of about 40°?70° and a warming of about 2°?3°C during the hour of frontal passage. Exceptions include sites near colder waters where the rates are markedly reduced and frontal passage is often less discernible. Excluding diurnal fronts, just over half the cases were associated with cold-air damming (CAD) during the cold season of 16 October?15 April. Most of these winter cases linked with CAD were onshore fronts. During the warm season, most fronts were diurnal, but the association with CAD was still significant. To explore the synoptic-scale environment, composite maps for the cold season were generated for all three frontal subtypes from NCEP?NCAR reanalysis data. Results show a strong surface anticyclone centered north of the region of frontogenesis for all three composites. However, several features in the synoptic-scale regimes appear to differentiate the three frontal types. For example, cyclogenesis in the Gulf of Mexico and onshore southeasterly low-level flow along the southeast Atlantic coast accompanied by warm advection distinguish onshore fronts from the other two types. The offshore fronts are accompanied by more nearly zonal flow aloft and a surface anticyclone that stalls near the New England coastline. Finally, the diurnal type is associated with much weaker pressure and height fields and an east?west elongated surface anticyclone centered much farther south than in the other cases.
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      An Objective Climatology of Carolina Coastal Fronts

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4231236
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    contributor authorAppel, K. Wyat
    contributor authorRiordan, Allen J.
    contributor authorHolley, Timothy A.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:34:59Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:34:59Z
    date copyright2005/08/01
    date issued2005
    identifier issn0882-8156
    identifier otherams-87554.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4231236
    description abstractThis study describes a simple objective method to identify cases of coastal frontogenesis offshore of the Carolinas and to characterize the sensible weather associated with frontal passage at measurement sites near the coast. The identification method, based on surface hourly data from offshore and adjacent land stations, was applied to an 11-yr dataset (1984?94). A total of 379 coastal fronts was found, 70 of which eventually made landfall along the North Carolina coast; 112 that remained offshore, and 197 were termed diurnal since they remained offshore but disappeared during daylight hours. Results show that most coastal and offshore sites experience a wind shift of about 40°?70° and a warming of about 2°?3°C during the hour of frontal passage. Exceptions include sites near colder waters where the rates are markedly reduced and frontal passage is often less discernible. Excluding diurnal fronts, just over half the cases were associated with cold-air damming (CAD) during the cold season of 16 October?15 April. Most of these winter cases linked with CAD were onshore fronts. During the warm season, most fronts were diurnal, but the association with CAD was still significant. To explore the synoptic-scale environment, composite maps for the cold season were generated for all three frontal subtypes from NCEP?NCAR reanalysis data. Results show a strong surface anticyclone centered north of the region of frontogenesis for all three composites. However, several features in the synoptic-scale regimes appear to differentiate the three frontal types. For example, cyclogenesis in the Gulf of Mexico and onshore southeasterly low-level flow along the southeast Atlantic coast accompanied by warm advection distinguish onshore fronts from the other two types. The offshore fronts are accompanied by more nearly zonal flow aloft and a surface anticyclone that stalls near the New England coastline. Finally, the diurnal type is associated with much weaker pressure and height fields and an east?west elongated surface anticyclone centered much farther south than in the other cases.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleAn Objective Climatology of Carolina Coastal Fronts
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume20
    journal issue4
    journal titleWeather and Forecasting
    identifier doi10.1175/WAF869.1
    journal fristpage439
    journal lastpage455
    treeWeather and Forecasting:;2005:;volume( 020 ):;issue: 004
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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