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    Impact of variations in upper-level shear on simulated supercells

    Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2017:;volume( 145 ):;issue: 007::page 2659
    Author:
    Warren, Robert A.
    ,
    Richter, Harald
    ,
    Ramsay, Hamish A.
    ,
    Siems, Steven T.
    ,
    Manton, Michael J.
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0412.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: t has previously been suggested, based on limited observations, that vertical wind shear in the upper troposphere is a key control on supercell morphology, with the low-precipitation, high-precipitation, and classic archetypes favored under strong, weak, and moderate shear, respectively. The idea is that, with increasing upper-level shear (ULS), hydrometeors are transported farther from the updraft by stronger storm-relative anvil-level winds, limiting their growth and thereby reducing precipitation intensity. The present study represents the first attempt to test this hypothesis, using idealized simulations of supercells performed under a range of 6?12 km shear profiles.Contrary to expectations, there is a significant increase in surface precipitation, and an associated strengthening of outflow winds, as ULS magnitude is increased from 0 to 20 m s?1. These changes result from an increase in storm motion, which drives stronger low-level inflow, a wider updraft, and enhanced condensation. A further increase in ULS magnitude to 30 m s?1 promotes a slight reduction in storm intensity associated with surging rear-flank outflow. However, this transition in behavior is found to be sensitive to other factors that influence cold-pool strength, such as mixed-layer depth and model microphysics. Variations in the vertical distribution and direction of ULS are also considered, but are found to have a much smaller impact on storm intensity than variations in ULS magnitude.Suggestions for the disparity between our results and the aforementioned observations are offered and the need for further research on supercell morphology?in particular, simulations in drier environments?is emphasized.
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      Impact of variations in upper-level shear on simulated supercells

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    contributor authorWarren, Robert A.
    contributor authorRichter, Harald
    contributor authorRamsay, Hamish A.
    contributor authorSiems, Steven T.
    contributor authorManton, Michael J.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:34:41Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:34:41Z
    date issued2017
    identifier issn0027-0644
    identifier otherams-87453.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4231124
    description abstractt has previously been suggested, based on limited observations, that vertical wind shear in the upper troposphere is a key control on supercell morphology, with the low-precipitation, high-precipitation, and classic archetypes favored under strong, weak, and moderate shear, respectively. The idea is that, with increasing upper-level shear (ULS), hydrometeors are transported farther from the updraft by stronger storm-relative anvil-level winds, limiting their growth and thereby reducing precipitation intensity. The present study represents the first attempt to test this hypothesis, using idealized simulations of supercells performed under a range of 6?12 km shear profiles.Contrary to expectations, there is a significant increase in surface precipitation, and an associated strengthening of outflow winds, as ULS magnitude is increased from 0 to 20 m s?1. These changes result from an increase in storm motion, which drives stronger low-level inflow, a wider updraft, and enhanced condensation. A further increase in ULS magnitude to 30 m s?1 promotes a slight reduction in storm intensity associated with surging rear-flank outflow. However, this transition in behavior is found to be sensitive to other factors that influence cold-pool strength, such as mixed-layer depth and model microphysics. Variations in the vertical distribution and direction of ULS are also considered, but are found to have a much smaller impact on storm intensity than variations in ULS magnitude.Suggestions for the disparity between our results and the aforementioned observations are offered and the need for further research on supercell morphology?in particular, simulations in drier environments?is emphasized.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleImpact of variations in upper-level shear on simulated supercells
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume145
    journal issue007
    journal titleMonthly Weather Review
    identifier doi10.1175/MWR-D-16-0412.1
    journal fristpage2659
    journal lastpage2681
    treeMonthly Weather Review:;2017:;volume( 145 ):;issue: 007
    contenttypeFulltext
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