Land-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008)Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2017:;volume( 145 ):;issue: 004::page 1315Author:Park, Myung-Sook
,
Lee, Myong-In
,
Kim, Dongmin
,
Bell, Michael M.
,
Cha, Dong-Hyun
,
Elsberry, Russell L.
DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0167.1Publisher: American Meteorological Society
Abstract: he effects of land-based convection on the formation of Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) off the west coast of the Philippines are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 4-km horizontal grid spacing. Five simulations with Thompson microphysics are utilized to select the control-land experiment that reasonably replicates the observed sea level pressure evolution. To demonstrate the contribution of the land-based convection, sensitivity experiments are performed by changing the land of the northern Philippines to water, and all five of these no-land experiments fail to develop Mekkhala.The Mekkhala tropical depression develops when an intense, well-organized land-based mesoscale convective system moves offshore from Luzon and interacts with an oceanic mesoscale system embedded in a strong monsoon westerly flow. Because of this interaction, a midtropospheric mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) organizes offshore from Luzon, where monsoon convection continues to contribute to low-level vorticity enhancement below the midlevel vortex center. In the no-land experiments, widespread oceanic convection induces a weaker midlevel vortex farther south in a strong vertical wind shear zone and subsequently farther east in a weaker monsoon vortex region. Thus, the monsoon convection?induced low-level vorticity remained separate from the midtropospheric MCV, which finally resulted in a failure of the low-level spinup. This study suggests that land-based convection can play an advantageous role in TC formation by influencing the intensity and the placement of the incipient midtropospheric MCV to be more favorable for TC low-level circulation development.
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contributor author | Park, Myung-Sook | |
contributor author | Lee, Myong-In | |
contributor author | Kim, Dongmin | |
contributor author | Bell, Michael M. | |
contributor author | Cha, Dong-Hyun | |
contributor author | Elsberry, Russell L. | |
date accessioned | 2017-06-09T17:34:11Z | |
date available | 2017-06-09T17:34:11Z | |
date copyright | 2017/04/01 | |
date issued | 2017 | |
identifier issn | 0027-0644 | |
identifier other | ams-87341.pdf | |
identifier uri | http://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4230999 | |
description abstract | he effects of land-based convection on the formation of Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) off the west coast of the Philippines are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 4-km horizontal grid spacing. Five simulations with Thompson microphysics are utilized to select the control-land experiment that reasonably replicates the observed sea level pressure evolution. To demonstrate the contribution of the land-based convection, sensitivity experiments are performed by changing the land of the northern Philippines to water, and all five of these no-land experiments fail to develop Mekkhala.The Mekkhala tropical depression develops when an intense, well-organized land-based mesoscale convective system moves offshore from Luzon and interacts with an oceanic mesoscale system embedded in a strong monsoon westerly flow. Because of this interaction, a midtropospheric mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) organizes offshore from Luzon, where monsoon convection continues to contribute to low-level vorticity enhancement below the midlevel vortex center. In the no-land experiments, widespread oceanic convection induces a weaker midlevel vortex farther south in a strong vertical wind shear zone and subsequently farther east in a weaker monsoon vortex region. Thus, the monsoon convection?induced low-level vorticity remained separate from the midtropospheric MCV, which finally resulted in a failure of the low-level spinup. This study suggests that land-based convection can play an advantageous role in TC formation by influencing the intensity and the placement of the incipient midtropospheric MCV to be more favorable for TC low-level circulation development. | |
publisher | American Meteorological Society | |
title | Land-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008) | |
type | Journal Paper | |
journal volume | 145 | |
journal issue | 4 | |
journal title | Monthly Weather Review | |
identifier doi | 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0167.1 | |
journal fristpage | 1315 | |
journal lastpage | 1337 | |
tree | Monthly Weather Review:;2017:;volume( 145 ):;issue: 004 | |
contenttype | Fulltext |