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    Land-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008)

    Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2017:;volume( 145 ):;issue: 004::page 1315
    Author:
    Park, Myung-Sook
    ,
    Lee, Myong-In
    ,
    Kim, Dongmin
    ,
    Bell, Michael M.
    ,
    Cha, Dong-Hyun
    ,
    Elsberry, Russell L.
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-16-0167.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: he effects of land-based convection on the formation of Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) off the west coast of the Philippines are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 4-km horizontal grid spacing. Five simulations with Thompson microphysics are utilized to select the control-land experiment that reasonably replicates the observed sea level pressure evolution. To demonstrate the contribution of the land-based convection, sensitivity experiments are performed by changing the land of the northern Philippines to water, and all five of these no-land experiments fail to develop Mekkhala.The Mekkhala tropical depression develops when an intense, well-organized land-based mesoscale convective system moves offshore from Luzon and interacts with an oceanic mesoscale system embedded in a strong monsoon westerly flow. Because of this interaction, a midtropospheric mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) organizes offshore from Luzon, where monsoon convection continues to contribute to low-level vorticity enhancement below the midlevel vortex center. In the no-land experiments, widespread oceanic convection induces a weaker midlevel vortex farther south in a strong vertical wind shear zone and subsequently farther east in a weaker monsoon vortex region. Thus, the monsoon convection?induced low-level vorticity remained separate from the midtropospheric MCV, which finally resulted in a failure of the low-level spinup. This study suggests that land-based convection can play an advantageous role in TC formation by influencing the intensity and the placement of the incipient midtropospheric MCV to be more favorable for TC low-level circulation development.
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      Land-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008)

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4230999
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    • Monthly Weather Review

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    contributor authorPark, Myung-Sook
    contributor authorLee, Myong-In
    contributor authorKim, Dongmin
    contributor authorBell, Michael M.
    contributor authorCha, Dong-Hyun
    contributor authorElsberry, Russell L.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:34:11Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:34:11Z
    date copyright2017/04/01
    date issued2017
    identifier issn0027-0644
    identifier otherams-87341.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4230999
    description abstracthe effects of land-based convection on the formation of Tropical Storm Mekkhala (2008) off the west coast of the Philippines are investigated using the Weather Research and Forecasting Model with 4-km horizontal grid spacing. Five simulations with Thompson microphysics are utilized to select the control-land experiment that reasonably replicates the observed sea level pressure evolution. To demonstrate the contribution of the land-based convection, sensitivity experiments are performed by changing the land of the northern Philippines to water, and all five of these no-land experiments fail to develop Mekkhala.The Mekkhala tropical depression develops when an intense, well-organized land-based mesoscale convective system moves offshore from Luzon and interacts with an oceanic mesoscale system embedded in a strong monsoon westerly flow. Because of this interaction, a midtropospheric mesoscale convective vortex (MCV) organizes offshore from Luzon, where monsoon convection continues to contribute to low-level vorticity enhancement below the midlevel vortex center. In the no-land experiments, widespread oceanic convection induces a weaker midlevel vortex farther south in a strong vertical wind shear zone and subsequently farther east in a weaker monsoon vortex region. Thus, the monsoon convection?induced low-level vorticity remained separate from the midtropospheric MCV, which finally resulted in a failure of the low-level spinup. This study suggests that land-based convection can play an advantageous role in TC formation by influencing the intensity and the placement of the incipient midtropospheric MCV to be more favorable for TC low-level circulation development.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleLand-Based Convection Effects on Formation of Tropical Cyclone Mekkhala (2008)
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume145
    journal issue4
    journal titleMonthly Weather Review
    identifier doi10.1175/MWR-D-16-0167.1
    journal fristpage1315
    journal lastpage1337
    treeMonthly Weather Review:;2017:;volume( 145 ):;issue: 004
    contenttypeFulltext
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