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    Application of Theory to Simulations of Observed Cases of Orographically Forced Convective Rainfall

    Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2012:;volume( 140 ):;issue: 009::page 3039
    Author:
    Miglietta, Mario Marcello
    ,
    Rotunno, Richard
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00253.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: n two recent papers, the authors reported on numerical simulations of conditionally unstable flows past an idealized mesoscale mountain ridge. These idealized simulations, which were performed with a three-dimensional, explicitly cloud-resolving model, allowed the investigation of simulated precipitation characteristics as a function of the prescribed environment. The numerical solutions were carried out for a uniform wind flowing past a bell-shaped ridge and using an idealized unstable sounding with prescribed values of the relevant parameters.In the present work the application of these theoretical results to observed cases of orographically forced convective rainfall including the Big Thompson flood (1976, Colorado), the Oahu flood (1974, Hawaii), and the Gard flood (2002, France) is reported. Specifically, numerical simulations have been carried out using observed and idealized soundings relevant to these cases but with idealized topography. It is found that using the observed soundings, but with idealized constant-wind profiles, the simulated rain rates fit reasonably well within the previous theoretically derived parameter space for intense orographic convective rainfall. However, in order to reproduce larger rainfall rates, in closer agreement with observations, in the first two cases it was necessary to initialize the sounding with a wind profile characterized by low-level flow toward the mountain with weak flow aloft (as observed for the across-mountain wind component). For the Gard case, the situation was more complex and it is found unlikely that the situation can be reduced to a simple two-dimensional problem.
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      Application of Theory to Simulations of Observed Cases of Orographically Forced Convective Rainfall

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4229781
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    contributor authorMiglietta, Mario Marcello
    contributor authorRotunno, Richard
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:29:42Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:29:42Z
    date copyright2012/09/01
    date issued2012
    identifier issn0027-0644
    identifier otherams-86244.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4229781
    description abstractn two recent papers, the authors reported on numerical simulations of conditionally unstable flows past an idealized mesoscale mountain ridge. These idealized simulations, which were performed with a three-dimensional, explicitly cloud-resolving model, allowed the investigation of simulated precipitation characteristics as a function of the prescribed environment. The numerical solutions were carried out for a uniform wind flowing past a bell-shaped ridge and using an idealized unstable sounding with prescribed values of the relevant parameters.In the present work the application of these theoretical results to observed cases of orographically forced convective rainfall including the Big Thompson flood (1976, Colorado), the Oahu flood (1974, Hawaii), and the Gard flood (2002, France) is reported. Specifically, numerical simulations have been carried out using observed and idealized soundings relevant to these cases but with idealized topography. It is found that using the observed soundings, but with idealized constant-wind profiles, the simulated rain rates fit reasonably well within the previous theoretically derived parameter space for intense orographic convective rainfall. However, in order to reproduce larger rainfall rates, in closer agreement with observations, in the first two cases it was necessary to initialize the sounding with a wind profile characterized by low-level flow toward the mountain with weak flow aloft (as observed for the across-mountain wind component). For the Gard case, the situation was more complex and it is found unlikely that the situation can be reduced to a simple two-dimensional problem.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleApplication of Theory to Simulations of Observed Cases of Orographically Forced Convective Rainfall
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume140
    journal issue9
    journal titleMonthly Weather Review
    identifier doi10.1175/MWR-D-11-00253.1
    journal fristpage3039
    journal lastpage3053
    treeMonthly Weather Review:;2012:;volume( 140 ):;issue: 009
    contenttypeFulltext
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