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    The Creation of a High Equivalent Potential Temperature Reservoir in Tropical Storm Humberto (2001) and Its Possible Role in Storm Deepening

    Source: Monthly Weather Review:;2011:;volume( 140 ):;issue: 002::page 492
    Author:
    Dolling, Klaus P.
    ,
    Barnes, Gary M.
    DOI: 10.1175/MWR-D-11-00068.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: hirty global positioning system dropwindsondes (GPS sondes) were used to identify and examine the creation of a reservoir of high equivalent potential temperature (?e) in the nascent eye of Tropical Storm Humberto (2001). The ?e did not increase in the high surface wind portion of the storm as it does in mature hurricanes; instead air spiraled into the light-wind center of the developing storm where it was trapped by subsidence under a mesoscale convectively generated vortex (MCV). An energy budget revealed that the inflow column took 7 h to reach the storm center during which a combined average surface enthalpy flux of ~230 W m?2 was diagnosed via the bulk aerodynamic equations. This estimate is close to the 250 W m?2 required for balance based on the energy acquired by the column. The high ?e in the lowest kilometer, overlain by a near dry-adiabatic layer under the anvil base, resulted in convective available potential energy (CAPE) exceeding 2500 m2 s?2. This conditionally unstable air later served as fuel for the convection within the nascent eyewall. The authors speculate that CAPE of such a large magnitude could accelerate the updraft and stretch the vorticity field, essentially turning garden-variety cumulonimbi into the vortical hot towers argued by several researchers to play a role in tropical cyclone formation and intensification.
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      The Creation of a High Equivalent Potential Temperature Reservoir in Tropical Storm Humberto (2001) and Its Possible Role in Storm Deepening

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    contributor authorDolling, Klaus P.
    contributor authorBarnes, Gary M.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:29:16Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:29:16Z
    date copyright2012/02/01
    date issued2011
    identifier issn0027-0644
    identifier otherams-86142.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4229668
    description abstracthirty global positioning system dropwindsondes (GPS sondes) were used to identify and examine the creation of a reservoir of high equivalent potential temperature (?e) in the nascent eye of Tropical Storm Humberto (2001). The ?e did not increase in the high surface wind portion of the storm as it does in mature hurricanes; instead air spiraled into the light-wind center of the developing storm where it was trapped by subsidence under a mesoscale convectively generated vortex (MCV). An energy budget revealed that the inflow column took 7 h to reach the storm center during which a combined average surface enthalpy flux of ~230 W m?2 was diagnosed via the bulk aerodynamic equations. This estimate is close to the 250 W m?2 required for balance based on the energy acquired by the column. The high ?e in the lowest kilometer, overlain by a near dry-adiabatic layer under the anvil base, resulted in convective available potential energy (CAPE) exceeding 2500 m2 s?2. This conditionally unstable air later served as fuel for the convection within the nascent eyewall. The authors speculate that CAPE of such a large magnitude could accelerate the updraft and stretch the vorticity field, essentially turning garden-variety cumulonimbi into the vortical hot towers argued by several researchers to play a role in tropical cyclone formation and intensification.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleThe Creation of a High Equivalent Potential Temperature Reservoir in Tropical Storm Humberto (2001) and Its Possible Role in Storm Deepening
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume140
    journal issue2
    journal titleMonthly Weather Review
    identifier doi10.1175/MWR-D-11-00068.1
    journal fristpage492
    journal lastpage505
    treeMonthly Weather Review:;2011:;volume( 140 ):;issue: 002
    contenttypeFulltext
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