Bulk vs. Spectral Wave Parameters: Implications on Stokes Drift Estimates, Regional Wave Modeling, and HF Radars Applications

Abstract

ccurate estimates of Stokes drift are necessary to quantify Lagrangian transport and upper-ocean mixing. These can be estimated from directional wave spectra. Here, a methodology for the reconstruction of such spectra is developed using partitioned bulk wave parameters provided by global wave models. These reconstructed spectra agree well with global wave model simulated full spectra. Regional wave model simulations with reconstructed spectra as open boundary conditions lead to more accurate estimates of bulk wave parameters in the coastal ocean. Furthermore, the reconstructed directional spectra can be used to improve HF Radar derived surface Lagrangian current estimates. Stokes drift vertical profiles from complete directional spectra are more accurate, and therefore coupled ocean-circulation and wave models should incorporate spectral estimates for wave-current interaction studies. Based on model simulations conducted here, it is recommended that regional wave modeling studies use partitioned rather than bulk wave parameter products from global wave simulations to reconstruct complete directional spectra for open-boundary conditions. Finally, we show that inclusion of the peak spectral energy for each partition improves our ability to re-construct more accurately directional spectra and surface Stokes drift. It is recommended that global wave model hindcast/forecast include this additional bulk parameter.