Zonal Transport from the Western Boundary and Its Role in Warm Water Volume Changes during ENSO

Abstract

bservations from TRITON buoys in the warm/fresh pool and a global ocean general circulation model are used to study the interannual variability of the equatorial western Pacific and the relationship between the zonal warm water transport, meridional convergence, and the warm water volume (WWV). The simulated temperature, salinity, and zonal warm water transport are validated with the mooring observations for the period 2000?14. The model results are then used to examine the WWV balance in ENSO cycles in an extended period from 1980 to 2014. It is shown that the zonal transport is highly correlated with meridional convergence and leads by about 4?5 months, and their phase offset determines the WWV changes. This result differs from the recharge paradigm in which the meridional convergence is supposed to be mainly responsible for the WWV changes. There is also no apparent change in relationship between zonal and meridional transports since 2000, unlike that between WWV and SST. The study suggests that the zonal warm water transport from the western boundary could have major implications for ENSO dynamics.