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    Global Observations of Open-Ocean Mode-1 M2 Internal Tides

    Source: Journal of Physical Oceanography:;2016:;Volume( 046 ):;issue: 006::page 1657
    Author:
    Zhao, Zhongxiang
    ,
    Alford, Matthew H.
    ,
    Girton, James B.
    ,
    Rainville, Luc
    ,
    Simmons, Harper L.
    DOI: 10.1175/JPO-D-15-0105.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: global map of open-ocean mode-1 M2 internal tides is constructed using sea surface height (SSH) measurements from multiple satellite altimeters during 1992?2012, representing a 20-yr coherent internal tide field. A two-dimensional plane wave fit method is employed to 1) suppress mesoscale contamination by extracting internal tides with both spatial and temporal coherence and 2) separately resolve multiple internal tidal waves. Global maps of amplitude, phase, energy, and flux of mode-1 M2 internal tides are presented. The M2 internal tides are mainly generated over topographic features, including continental slopes, midocean ridges, and seamounts. Internal tidal beams of 100?300 km width are observed to propagate hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Multiwave interference of some degree is widespread because of the M2 internal tide?s numerous generation sites and long-range propagation. The M2 internal tide propagates across the critical latitudes for parametric subharmonic instability (28.8°S/N) with little energy loss, consistent with the 2006 Internal Waves across the Pacific (IWAP) field measurements. In the eastern Pacific Ocean, the M2 internal tide loses significant energy in propagating across the equator; in contrast, little energy loss is observed in the equatorial zones of the Atlantic, Indian, and western Pacific Oceans. Global integration of the satellite observations yields a total energy of 36 PJ (1 PJ = 1015 J) for all the coherent mode-1 M2 internal tides. Finally, satellite observed M2 internal tides compare favorably with field mooring measurements and a global eddy-resolving numerical model.
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      Global Observations of Open-Ocean Mode-1 M2 Internal Tides

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    contributor authorZhao, Zhongxiang
    contributor authorAlford, Matthew H.
    contributor authorGirton, James B.
    contributor authorRainville, Luc
    contributor authorSimmons, Harper L.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:21:33Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:21:33Z
    date copyright2016/06/01
    date issued2016
    identifier issn0022-3670
    identifier otherams-83780.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4227042
    description abstractglobal map of open-ocean mode-1 M2 internal tides is constructed using sea surface height (SSH) measurements from multiple satellite altimeters during 1992?2012, representing a 20-yr coherent internal tide field. A two-dimensional plane wave fit method is employed to 1) suppress mesoscale contamination by extracting internal tides with both spatial and temporal coherence and 2) separately resolve multiple internal tidal waves. Global maps of amplitude, phase, energy, and flux of mode-1 M2 internal tides are presented. The M2 internal tides are mainly generated over topographic features, including continental slopes, midocean ridges, and seamounts. Internal tidal beams of 100?300 km width are observed to propagate hundreds to thousands of kilometers. Multiwave interference of some degree is widespread because of the M2 internal tide?s numerous generation sites and long-range propagation. The M2 internal tide propagates across the critical latitudes for parametric subharmonic instability (28.8°S/N) with little energy loss, consistent with the 2006 Internal Waves across the Pacific (IWAP) field measurements. In the eastern Pacific Ocean, the M2 internal tide loses significant energy in propagating across the equator; in contrast, little energy loss is observed in the equatorial zones of the Atlantic, Indian, and western Pacific Oceans. Global integration of the satellite observations yields a total energy of 36 PJ (1 PJ = 1015 J) for all the coherent mode-1 M2 internal tides. Finally, satellite observed M2 internal tides compare favorably with field mooring measurements and a global eddy-resolving numerical model.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleGlobal Observations of Open-Ocean Mode-1 M2 Internal Tides
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume46
    journal issue6
    journal titleJournal of Physical Oceanography
    identifier doi10.1175/JPO-D-15-0105.1
    journal fristpage1657
    journal lastpage1684
    treeJournal of Physical Oceanography:;2016:;Volume( 046 ):;issue: 006
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
    yabeshDSpacePersian