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    Satellite-Derived Surface Current Divergence in Relation to Tropical Atlantic SST and Wind

    Source: Journal of Physical Oceanography:;2007:;Volume( 037 ):;issue: 005::page 1357
    Author:
    Helber, Robert W.
    ,
    Weisberg, Robert H.
    ,
    Bonjean, Fabrice
    ,
    Johnson, Eric S.
    ,
    Lagerloef, Gary S. E.
    DOI: 10.1175/JPO3052.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: The relationships between tropical Atlantic Ocean surface currents and horizontal (mass) divergence, sea surface temperature (SST), and winds on monthly-to-annual time scales are described for the time period from 1993 through 2003. Surface horizontal mass divergence (upwelling) is calculated using surface currents estimated from satellite sea surface height, surface vector wind, and SST data with a quasi-linear, steady-state model. Geostrophic and Ekman dynamical contributions are considered. The satellite-derived surface currents match climatological drifter and ship-drift currents well, and divergence patterns are consistent with the annual north?south movement of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and equatorial cold tongue evolution. While the zonal velocity component is strongest, the meridional velocity component controls divergence along the equator and to the north beneath the ITCZ. Zonal velocity divergence is weaker but nonnegligible. Along the equator, a strong divergence (upwelling) season in the central/eastern equatorial Atlantic peaks in May while equatorial SST is cooling within the cold tongue. In addition, a secondary weaker and shorter equatorial divergence occurs in November also coincident with a slight SST cooling. The vertical transport at 30-m depth, averaged across the equatorial Atlantic Ocean between 2°S and 2°N for the record length, is 15(±6) ? 106 m3 s?1. Results are consistent with what is known about equatorial upwelling and cold tongue evolution and establish a new method for observing the tropical upper ocean relative to geostrophic and Ekman dynamics at spatial and temporal coverage characteristic of satellite-based observations.
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      Satellite-Derived Surface Current Divergence in Relation to Tropical Atlantic SST and Wind

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    http://yetl.yabesh.ir/yetl1/handle/yetl/4226096
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    contributor authorHelber, Robert W.
    contributor authorWeisberg, Robert H.
    contributor authorBonjean, Fabrice
    contributor authorJohnson, Eric S.
    contributor authorLagerloef, Gary S. E.
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:18:36Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:18:36Z
    date copyright2007/05/01
    date issued2007
    identifier issn0022-3670
    identifier otherams-82928.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4226096
    description abstractThe relationships between tropical Atlantic Ocean surface currents and horizontal (mass) divergence, sea surface temperature (SST), and winds on monthly-to-annual time scales are described for the time period from 1993 through 2003. Surface horizontal mass divergence (upwelling) is calculated using surface currents estimated from satellite sea surface height, surface vector wind, and SST data with a quasi-linear, steady-state model. Geostrophic and Ekman dynamical contributions are considered. The satellite-derived surface currents match climatological drifter and ship-drift currents well, and divergence patterns are consistent with the annual north?south movement of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) and equatorial cold tongue evolution. While the zonal velocity component is strongest, the meridional velocity component controls divergence along the equator and to the north beneath the ITCZ. Zonal velocity divergence is weaker but nonnegligible. Along the equator, a strong divergence (upwelling) season in the central/eastern equatorial Atlantic peaks in May while equatorial SST is cooling within the cold tongue. In addition, a secondary weaker and shorter equatorial divergence occurs in November also coincident with a slight SST cooling. The vertical transport at 30-m depth, averaged across the equatorial Atlantic Ocean between 2°S and 2°N for the record length, is 15(±6) ? 106 m3 s?1. Results are consistent with what is known about equatorial upwelling and cold tongue evolution and establish a new method for observing the tropical upper ocean relative to geostrophic and Ekman dynamics at spatial and temporal coverage characteristic of satellite-based observations.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleSatellite-Derived Surface Current Divergence in Relation to Tropical Atlantic SST and Wind
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume37
    journal issue5
    journal titleJournal of Physical Oceanography
    identifier doi10.1175/JPO3052.1
    journal fristpage1357
    journal lastpage1375
    treeJournal of Physical Oceanography:;2007:;Volume( 037 ):;issue: 005
    contenttypeFulltext
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    DSpace software copyright © 2002-2015  DuraSpace
    نرم افزار کتابخانه دیجیتال "دی اسپیس" فارسی شده توسط یابش برای کتابخانه های ایرانی | تماس با یابش
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