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    Key Role of the North Pacific Oscillation–West Pacific Pattern in Generating the Extreme 2013/14 North American Winter

    Source: Journal of Climate:;2015:;volume( 028 ):;issue: 020::page 8109
    Author:
    Baxter, Stephen
    ,
    Nigam, Sumant
    DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00726.1
    Publisher: American Meteorological Society
    Abstract: he 2013/14 boreal winter (December 2013?February 2014) brought extended periods of anomalously cold weather to central and eastern North America. The authors show that a leading pattern of extratropical variability, whose sea level pressure footprint is the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and circulation footprint the West Pacific (WP) teleconnection?together, the NPO?WP?exhibited extreme and persistent amplitude in this winter. Reconstruction of the 850-hPa temperature, 200-hPa geopotential height, and precipitation reveals that the NPO?WP was the leading contributor to the winter climate anomaly over large swaths of North America. This analysis, furthermore, indicates that NPO?WP variability explains the most variance of monthly winter temperature over central-eastern North America since, at least, 1979. Analysis of the NPO?WP related thermal advection provides physical insight on the generation of the cold temperature anomalies over North America. Although NPO?WP?s origin and development remain to be elucidated, its concurrent links to tropical SSTs are tenuous. These findings suggest that notable winter climate anomalies in the Pacific?North American sector need not originate, directly, from the tropics. More broadly, the attribution of the severe 2013/14 winter to the flexing of an extratropical variability pattern is cautionary given the propensity to implicate the tropics, following several decades of focus on El Niño?Southern Oscillation and its regional and far-field impacts.
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      Key Role of the North Pacific Oscillation–West Pacific Pattern in Generating the Extreme 2013/14 North American Winter

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    contributor authorBaxter, Stephen
    contributor authorNigam, Sumant
    date accessioned2017-06-09T17:11:34Z
    date available2017-06-09T17:11:34Z
    date copyright2015/10/01
    date issued2015
    identifier issn0894-8755
    identifier otherams-80871.pdf
    identifier urihttp://onlinelibrary.yabesh.ir/handle/yetl/4223810
    description abstracthe 2013/14 boreal winter (December 2013?February 2014) brought extended periods of anomalously cold weather to central and eastern North America. The authors show that a leading pattern of extratropical variability, whose sea level pressure footprint is the North Pacific Oscillation (NPO) and circulation footprint the West Pacific (WP) teleconnection?together, the NPO?WP?exhibited extreme and persistent amplitude in this winter. Reconstruction of the 850-hPa temperature, 200-hPa geopotential height, and precipitation reveals that the NPO?WP was the leading contributor to the winter climate anomaly over large swaths of North America. This analysis, furthermore, indicates that NPO?WP variability explains the most variance of monthly winter temperature over central-eastern North America since, at least, 1979. Analysis of the NPO?WP related thermal advection provides physical insight on the generation of the cold temperature anomalies over North America. Although NPO?WP?s origin and development remain to be elucidated, its concurrent links to tropical SSTs are tenuous. These findings suggest that notable winter climate anomalies in the Pacific?North American sector need not originate, directly, from the tropics. More broadly, the attribution of the severe 2013/14 winter to the flexing of an extratropical variability pattern is cautionary given the propensity to implicate the tropics, following several decades of focus on El Niño?Southern Oscillation and its regional and far-field impacts.
    publisherAmerican Meteorological Society
    titleKey Role of the North Pacific Oscillation–West Pacific Pattern in Generating the Extreme 2013/14 North American Winter
    typeJournal Paper
    journal volume28
    journal issue20
    journal titleJournal of Climate
    identifier doi10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00726.1
    journal fristpage8109
    journal lastpage8117
    treeJournal of Climate:;2015:;volume( 028 ):;issue: 020
    contenttypeFulltext
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